| Rice germplasm resources are the important material bases of rice scientific research. Since the founding of the Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences for 60 years, it has continuously carried out researches on the collection, preservation, identification, innovation and utilization of rice resources, and has made gratifying achievements. At present, more than 18 800 cultivated rice resources at home and abroad and 5 158 wild rice resources have been collected and preserved. A Medium-term Genebank of Rice Germplasm Resources and a Wild Rice Nursery have been established to ensure the long-term and safe preservation and utilization of rice germplasm resources. A series of basic researches have
been carried out systematically, including the identification and evaluation of agronomic traits, disease and insect resistance, stress resistance and quality of rice resources, as well as genetic diversity, classification, core germplasm construction and gene mining. Moreover, the researches on germplasm innovation and utilization have been conducted, and a large number of excellent varieties were bred and applied to production. According to incomplete statistics, since the founding of the People's Republic of China, more than 1 000 excellent rice varieties have been bred in Guangdong Province by using excellent rice germplasm resources, among which 31 varieties with an area of 66.67×104 hm2 have been bred and promoted by Rice Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Since the 10th Five-year Plan, nearly 6 000 cultivated rice and wild rice resources have been provided to domestic colleges, scientific research institutions and other institutions,
fully demonstrating the public welfare role of germplasm resources. However, it is still insufficient in the introduction of foreign resources and the exploitation and utilization of excellent genes. In the future, the researches on rice germplasm resources will be carried out in a comprehensive way through the combination of multidisciplinary and multi-omics based on the industry and problem-oriented demands, promoting rice germplasm resource research to a new level. |
