| 向 旭.广东荔枝产业发展瓶颈与产业技术研发进展[J].广东农业科学,2020,47(12):32-41 |
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广东荔枝产业发展瓶颈与产业技术研发进展 |
| Bottleneck of Litchi Industry Development in Guangdong and Progress of Technology Research and Development |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2020.12.004 |
| 中文关键词: 荔枝 产业发展 瓶颈 技术短板 研发进展 |
| 英文关键词: litchi industry development bottleneck technical short board research and development progress |
| 基金项目:广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目（2020KJ107）；广东省乡村振兴战略专项资金（农业科技能力提升）（TS-1-1） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 广东荔枝产业“大而不强”现象仍然十分明显，分析其主要瓶颈问题与技术短板对产业可持续发展、打造我国特色水果品牌具有重要意义。从全产业链角度剖析广东荔枝产业发展现状的整体动态情况，总结出品种结构不合理问题突出导致销售不畅、中晚熟品种隔年结果或“大小年”问题突出导致产量波幅大、安全生产与品控滞后增加品牌打造难度、荔枝供应链建设落后制约荔枝合理正常消费和规模化、产业链组织化程度低导致三产不融合等5个方面，是制约全省荔枝产业发展的主要瓶颈问题；从产业技术研发的过程分析，总结出克服中晚熟品种“大小年”技术、冷链物流保鲜贮运一体化集成技术、绿色标准化种植与品控保障技术、果园宜机化与机械化集成技术、初加工产品自动化生产技术等5个方面，则是产业发展的主要技术短板；从栽培技术、育种技术、冷链保鲜技术、加工技术及新工艺研发4个重点产业链环节，总结了近年来的主要研发进展，并对未来发展方向进行了展望，以期对促进荔枝产业高质量发展提供借鉴与指导作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| It is obvious that the litchi industry in Guangdong is“big but not strong”. It is of great significance to analyze the main bottlenecks and technical short board for the sustainable development of the industry and the creation of Chinese characteristic fruit brands. This paper analyzes the overall dynamic situation of litchi industry development in Guangdong from the perspective of the whole industrial chain, and summarizes five major bottlenecks that restrict the litchi industry in the whole province, namely, unreasonable cultivar structure leading to poor sales, large yield fluctuation caused by outstanding alternating bearing of middle-late maturing cultivar, lagging safety production and quality control increasing the difficulty of brand building, backward construction of litchi supply chain restricting the rational and normal consumption and scale of litchi, and low degree of organization of industrial chain leading to non-integration of three major industries. From the analysis on process of industrial technology research and development, it is concluded that five main technical short boards of industrial development are solved: overcoming the “alternating bearing” of mid-late maturing varieties, integrated technology of litchi cold chain logistics preservation, storage and transportation, standardized green planting and quality control guarantee technology, integrated technology of suitable mechanization and mechanization of litchi orchard and automatic production technology of litchi preliminarily processed products. The main research and development progress in recent years is summarized from four key industrial chain links: cultivation technology, breeding technology, cold chain preservation technology, processing technology and new process research and development, and the future development
direction is prospected in order to provide references and guidance for promoting high-quality industrial development. |
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