| 蒋淑停 1，2，彭李顺 2，曹峥英 2，杨本鹏 2，杨 学 2.甘蔗脱毒原种苗生物量累积特征及水分需求研究[J].广东农业科学,2021,48(1):72-78 |
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甘蔗脱毒原种苗生物量累积特征及水分需求研究 |
| Study on the Characteristics of Biomass Accumulation and Water Requirement of Disease-free Sugarcane Original Seedlings |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2020.07.009 |
| 中文关键词: 甘蔗 脱毒苗 干物质量 需水量 水分盈亏量 |
| 英文关键词: saccharum spp. hybrid disease-free seedlings dry matter quality water requirement water surplus and deficit |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0201100）；国家现代农业产业技术体系（甘蔗）建设专项资金
（CARS-170716） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨甘蔗脱毒原种苗生长和水分需求规律，为甘蔗脱毒原种苗田间繁育栽培和水分管理
提供参考依据。【方法】通过分析甘蔗脱毒原种苗的干物质量累积规律，结合广西扶绥试验基地气象数据的采集，
采用作物系数法计算广西扶绥县甘蔗脱毒原种苗各生长发育时期的作物需水量及水分盈亏量。【结果】甘蔗脱
毒原种苗干物质量积累主要集中在茎伸长生长期，8 月中旬开始拔节至 10 月下旬，平均每日干物质累积量达
2.92 g，11 月后干物质量日均累积速率减缓至 1.77 g，至 12 月下旬可收获约 15 节健康种茎。甘蔗脱毒原种苗需
水量整体呈先上升后下降的变化趋势，其中 8 月中旬至 9 月下旬需水量最大，日需水量达 5.5 mm。甘蔗脱毒原
种苗生育期内广西扶绥试验地降雨主要集中在 7 月中旬至 9 月中旬，累积降雨量达 177.9 mm，9 月下旬至 12 月
降雨较少，累积降雨量仅 22.3 mm。甘蔗脱毒原种苗仅苗期表现为水分盈余，其余时间 7 月下旬至 12 月水分表
现为持续亏缺，总亏缺量达 473.4 mm。【结论】明确了甘蔗脱毒原种苗干物质量累积特征和水分需求规律，为
今后甘蔗脱毒原种苗田间繁育和规模化生产过程中合理栽培和科学灌溉提供理论依据和参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The study was conducted to explore the rules of growth and water requirement of diseasefree sugarcane original seedlings, and provide a reference for the field breeding and water management of disease-free
sugarcane original seedlings.【Method】In this study, by analyzing the dry matter accumulation rule of the diseasefree sugarcane seedlings with the meteorological data of Guangxi Fusui Experimental Base, the crop coefficient method
was used to calculate the water requirement and water deficit in each growth period of the disease-free sugarcane orig seedlings in Fusui County, Guangxi.【Result】The dry matter accumulation of the disease-free sugarcane seedlings was
mainly concentrated in the growth period of stem elongation. The stem elongation stage started from mid-August to the end of
October, with an average daily dry matter accumulation of 2.92 g. After November, the average daily dry matter accumulation
rate decreased to 1.77 g, and about 15 healthy stems could be harvested in late December. The water requirement of diseasefree sugarcane original seedlings showed a decline trend after an initial ascent. In the period of mid-August to late September,
the water requirement was the largest, and the daily water requirement reached 5.5 mm. During the growth periods of the
disease-free sugarcane original seedlings, the rainfall at the Fusui test site in Guangxi was mainly concentrated from mid-July
to mid-September, with a cumulative rainfall of 177.9 mm, and less rainfall from late September to December, with a cumulative
rainfall of only 22.3 mm. The disease-free sugarcane original seedlings showed water surplus only at the seedling stage, and the
water deficit continued from late July to December, with a total deficit of 473.4 mm.【Conclusion】Through the above analysis,
the dry matter accumulation characteristics and water requirement rules of the disease-free sugarcane original seedlings were
clarified, which provided theoretical basis and references for rational cultivation and scientific irrigation in the field breeding
and large-scale production of disease-free sugarcane original seedlings in the future. |
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