| 冯露，李富程，蔡敏，梅波.沼液施用年限对土壤团聚体、养分及重金属的影响[J].广东农业科学,2021,48(3):81-88 |
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沼液施用年限对土壤团聚体、养分及重金属的影响 |
| Effects of Biogas Slurry Application Years on Soil Aggregates, Nutrients and Heavy Metals |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2021.03.010 |
| 中文关键词: 沼液 土壤团聚体 有机质 碱解氮 有效磷 重金属 |
| 英文关键词: biogas slurry soil aggregate organic matter alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen available phosphorus heavy metal |
| 基金项目:绵阳市科技计划项目（2018YFZJ019）；农业农村部农村可再生能源开发利用重点实验室开放基金（2020-002）；四川省重点研发项目（21ZDYF2232） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】研究集约化畜禽养殖场沼液施用对土壤环境质量的影响，合理施用沼液，促进种养结合循环农业发展和保护农业生态环境。【方法】采集连续施用沼液 4、5、8、10 年的土壤，分别测定土壤机械稳定性团聚体与水稳性团聚体含量、土壤碱解氮、有效磷、有机质和重金属含量，研究长期施用沼液与土壤团聚体、养分含量及重金属的关系。【结果】沼液施用明显增加＞ 2 mm 土壤机械稳定性团聚体和水稳定性团聚体含量，其中沼液施用 10 年水稳性大团聚体含量增加 19.50%，土壤团聚体稳定性指标 MWD、GMD、R0.25 增加，土壤团聚体稳定性得到明显提升；沼液施用能显著增加＞ 2 mm 和 0.5~2 mm 土壤团聚体有机质，增幅为28.11%~522.42%；不同沼液施用年限都能增加土壤碱解氮、有效磷和有机质含量，最大增幅分别为 93.86%、121.96% 和 138.46%，有效提高土壤供肥能力；长期施用沼液，土壤 Zn、Cu 积累明显，存在土壤污染风险。【结论】连续施用沼液能增加土壤大团聚体、团聚体有机质、土壤碱解氮、有效磷和重金属的含量，但在增加土壤肥力和土壤团聚体稳定性的同时存在部分重金属累积污染风险，长期使用需要采取重金属防治措施。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The study was carried out to explore the impact of biogas slurry application on soil environmental quality in intensive livestock and poultry farms for reasonable application of biogas slurry to promote the development of combined planting and breeding of circular agriculture and protect the agricultural ecological environment.【Method】The soils with continuous application of biogas slurry for 4, 5, 8 and 10 years were collected, and the contents of soil mechanical stablility aggregates and water-stable aggregates, soil alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus, organic matter and heavy metals were determined, respectively. And the relationship between long-term application of biogas slurry and soil aggregates, nutrient contents and heavy metals were studied.【Result】The application of biogas slurry significantly increased the contents of soil mechanical stablility aggregates ( ＞ 2 mm) and water-stable aggregates, among which the content of water-stable large aggregates increased by 19.50% when the biogas slurry was applied for 10 years. With continuous application of biogas slurry for 10 years, soil aggregate stability indicators MWD, GMD, R0.25 increased,and soil aggregate stability was significantly improved. The application of biogas slurry could significantly increase the organic matter of soil aggregates ( ＞ 2 mm and 0.5~2 mm), with an increase of 28.11%-522.42%. Different application years of biogas slurry could increase the contents of soil alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and organic matter, with the maximum increases of 93.86%, 121.96% and 138.46% respectively, which effectively improved soil fertility supply capacity. Long-term application of biogas slurry may cause obvious accumulation of soil Zn and Cu, which results in a risk of soil pollution.【Conclusion】Continuous application of biogas slurry can increase the contents of soil macroaggregate, aggregate organic matter, soil alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and heavy metals. While increasing soil fertility and soil aggregate stability, there is a risk of accumulation of heavy metals, and heavy metal control measures shall be taken for long-term use of biogas slurry. |
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