| 刘文,孔庆霞,郝莹,等.干旱胁迫下不同保水材料对大豆种植土壤特性影响[J].广东农业科学,2021,(6-7):- |
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干旱胁迫下不同保水材料对大豆种植土壤特性影响 |
| Effects of different super absorbent materials on soil characteristics of soybean under drought stress |
| 投稿时间：2021-04-12 修订日期：2021-04-27 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 干旱胁迫 大豆 保水剂 水肥缓释 生物基 |
| 英文关键词: Drought dress Soybean Super absorbent polymers Slow release of water and fertilizer Bio-based |
| 基金项目:天津市重点研发计划,绿色雄安建设中生态友好型水肥缓释剂的研发天津市重点研发计划(19YFHBQY00010); 天津市技术创新引导专项,工厂化水产养殖尾水中微囊藻毒素集成处理技术研究(20YDTPJC01070)；天津市大学生创新创业训练项目,生物基高吸水性缓释材料的制备和性能研究(202010061080) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】我国大豆进口依存度一直维持在80%以上，研究施用新型保水材料对干旱胁迫下大豆种植土壤特性影响，对于在不影响其他作物播种面积的情况下开发新增大豆适种面积，提高大豆产量具有重要意义。【方法】试验分别采用具有保水效果的生物基水肥缓释材料、高吸水性树脂（SAP）、玉米秸秆粉末材料对不同试验单元内土壤进行处理，研究了大豆生长期内大豆种植土壤含水率、肥料含量、水分利用和产出效率等指标差异。【结果】试验条件下，生物基水肥缓释材料施用量为10kg时对大豆生长状况改善效果最佳：与处理CK（对照组）相比，大豆收获时土壤中含水率提高了77.45%，总氮、速效氮、速效磷和速效钾含量分别提高了88.89%、68.92%、92.31%和45.71%，大豆产量提高了61.44%，水分利用和产出效率则分别提高了52.63%和63.64%。【结论】生物基水肥缓释材料和SAP的施用均能显著提高土壤抗旱能力并提高水分利用和产出效率，但施用量与使用效果之间并非线性关系，应综合衡量得到最优施用量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】 Chinese soybean import dependence has been maintained at more than 80%. It is of great significance to study the effects of new super absorbent materials on soil characteristics of soybean under drought stress for increasing the suitable planting area of soybean and the total yield, when not reduce the planting area of other crops. 【Method】 In this study, the moisture and fertilizer content of soybean-planting soil, water utilization and soybean yield efficiency were studied by using bio-based super absorbent materials, super absorbent polymers (SAP) and corn straw powder materials. 【Result】Under experiment conditions, when the amount of bio-based super absorbent materials which were used was 10 kg, the improvement to soybean growth became the best: compared with the treatment CK (control group), the moisture content in soybean-planting soil increased by 77.45%, the total Nitrogen and the available Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium content increased by 88.89%, 68.92%, 92.31% and 45.71%, while the soybean production increased by 61.44%, the water use and yield efficiency increased by 52.63% and 63.64%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 It showed that both the application of bio-based super absorbent materials and SAP could significantly improve soil drought resistance and water use and yield efficiency, but it was not linear between application quantities and the effects, so the optimal amount of application should be obtained. |
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