| 宋凤仙，齐文娥，李胜文.化肥施用技术效率及其影响因素分析——以荔枝产业为例[J].广东农业科学,2021,48(5):158-164 |
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化肥施用技术效率及其影响因素分析——以荔枝产业为例 |
| Analysis on Technical Efficiency and Influencing Factors of Chemical Fertilizer Application—A Case Study of Litchi Industry |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2021.05.020 |
| 中文关键词: 荔枝产业 化肥 施肥技术效率 随机前沿生产函数模型 |
| 英文关键词: litchi industry chemical fertilizer fertilization technical efficiency stochastic frontier production function model |
| 基金项目:财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目（CARS-33-18） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1225 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】为了提高荔枝生产中的化肥施用技术效率，降低荔枝种植户的生产成本，进而提高荔枝种植户的收入，促进荔枝产业的发展。【方法】采用国家荔枝龙眼产业技术体系产业经济岗团队于 2016 年 8—9 月对广东、广西和海南三省（区）荔枝种植户一对一的实地调研数据，构建随机前沿生产函数模型估算荔枝生产中化肥施用技术效率，构建多元线性模型分析影响荔枝生产中的化肥施用技术效率的因素。【结果】调研地荔枝种植户的化肥施用技术效率平均值为 0.419，相对于最优的 100%，荔枝生产中化肥施用技术效率较低。荔枝种植户化肥施用技术效率以海南海口综合试验站最高、为 0.551，广西玉林综合试验站最低、为 0.332；荔枝施肥技术效率最高的示范县是海南昌江县、为 0.690，最低的示范县是广东信宜、为 0.104。家庭人均收入对荔枝化肥施用技术效率有显著的正向影响，平均固定资产、化肥折纯量、家庭劳动力比例和种植面积对荔枝施肥技术效率有显著的负向影响。【结论】建议制定合理的指导方案，引导荔枝种植户正确认识化肥施用技术效率，
深入推广技术培训，切实提高化肥施用技术效率。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The study was carried out to improve the technical efficiency of chemical fertilizer application in litchi production, reduce the production cost and improve the incomes of litchi growers and the development of litchi industry.【Method】The industry economic station team of litchi and longan industry technology system was arranged to conduct field survey on litchi growers one-on-one in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan Provinces from August to September 2016, construct stochastic frontier production function model to estimate the chemical fertilization technical efficiency in litchi production, and use multiple regression function model to analyze the influencing factors of chemical fertilization technical efficiency.【Result】The average technical efficiency of chemical fertilizer application for litchi growers was 0.419 in the survey areas. Compared with the optimal 100%, the chemical fertilizer utilization rate in litchi production was low. The highest technical efficiency of chemical fertilizer application for litchi growers was 0.551 in Haikou Comprehensive Test Station of Hainan Province, and the lowest was 0.332 in Yulin Comprehensive Test Station of Guangxi
Province. The highest litchi chemical fertilization technology efficiency demonstration county was Changjiang County in Hainan（0.690）and the lowest demonstration county was Xinyi in Guangdong（0.104）. Household per capita income had a significant positive effect on litchi chemical fertilization technical efficiency, while average fixed assets, fertilizer amount（net volume）, household labor force ratio and cultivated area had a significant negative effect on litchi chemical fertilization technical efficiency.【Conclusion】It is suggested to formulate a reasonable scheme for guiding litchi growers to correctly understand the technical efficiency of chemical fertilizer application, and practically promote technical training to improve the technical efficiency of chemical fertilizer application. |
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