| 王 洁，肖 瑶，张国豪，李 兴，刘 蓉，胡运高.氮磷调控对杂交水稻产量及品质的影响[J].广东农业科学,2021,48(8):131-138 |
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氮磷调控对杂交水稻产量及品质的影响 |
| Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Regulation on the Yield and Quality of Hybrid Rice |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2021.08.016 |
| 中文关键词: 德优 4727 氮素 磷素 产量 品质 |
| 英文关键词: Deyou 4727 nitrogen phosphorus yield quality |
| 基金项目:四川省科技计划项目（2016NYZ0028）；四川省教育厅科研项目（18zb0615）；大学生创新创业训练计划项目（S202010619115X）；大学生创新基金项目（JZ20-066) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】研究氮磷调控对杂交水稻产量和品质的影响，以及在四川稻区环境条件下优质稻品
种的稻米品质对氮磷调控的响应。【方法】以杂交水稻品种德优 4727 为材料，分别设置 4 个氮素水平（0、
90、150、270 kg/hm2
）和 4 个磷素水平（0、30、60、120 kg/hm2
），测定其稻谷产量性状、碾磨品质、外观
品质、食味值及 RVA 谱特征值和直链淀粉含量，探究稻米产量及品质对氮磷调控的响应。【结果】随着氮肥
施用量增加，德优 4727 产量显著上升，在 270 kg/hm2 条件下产量最大，而磷肥对于水稻产量影响不显著。氮
肥和磷肥处理对其碾磨品质和外观品质的影响均达到显著或极显著水平：随着氮肥施用量增加，德优 4727 糙
米率、垩白度和垩白粒率呈先降低后增加趋势，精米率呈降低趋势，整精米率呈先增加后降低趋势；磷肥施
用可以增加德优 4727 的糙米率、精米率和整精米率，降低稻米垩白度。氮肥和磷肥的施用与稻米蒸煮食味品
质存在显著相关性：氮肥与糊化温度呈极显著正相关，与直链淀粉含量呈极显著负相关；磷肥与峰值黏度、
热浆黏度、冷胶黏度呈极显著负相关，与崩解值呈显著负相关。增施氮肥德优 4727 食味品质显著降低，低、
中、高氮处理食味值分别降低 4.37%、10.90%、12.13%。【结论】适当增加氮肥施用量，同时控制磷肥投入，
可以在保证杂交水稻产量前提下获得较优品质。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The study was conducted to explore the comprehensive effects of nitrogen and phosphorus
regulation on the yield and quality of hybrid rice, and the response of rice quality of high-quality rice varieties to nitrogen
and phosphorus regulation under environmental conditions in Sichuan rice region.【Method】The hybrid rice Deyou
4727 was treated with 4 levels（0, 90, 150, 270 kg/hm2
）of nitrogen and 4 levels（0, 30, 60, 120 kg/hm2
）of phosphorus.
The grain yield characters, milling quality, appearance quality, taste value, RVA profile characteristic value and amylose
content were determined to explore the response of grain yield and quality to nitrogen and phosphorus regulation.
【Result】With the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application rate, the yield of Deyou 4727 increased significantly, and
the yield reached the maximum under the condition of 270 kg/hm2
, while the effect of phosphate fertilizer on rice yield was not significant. The effects of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer treatments on milling quality and appearance quality
reached significant or extremely significant levels: with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application rate, the brown rice rate,
chalkiness and chalky grain rate of Deyou 4727 showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. The polished rice rate
showed a decreasing trend, and the head rice rate first increased and then decreased. Phosphate fertilizer application could
increase the brown rice rate, polished rice rate and head rice rate of Deyou 4727, and reduce the chalkiness of rice. There
was a significant correlation between the application of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer and rice cooking and eating
quality: nitrogen fertilizer had a very significant positive correlation with paste temperature, and a very significant negative
correlation with amylose content; phosphate fertilizer had an extremely significant negative relationship with peak viscosity,
hot paste viscosity and cold paste viscosity, and a significant negative relationship with the disintegration value. With the
application of nitrogen fertilizer, Deyou 4727 significantly reduced the eating quality, which decreased by 4.37%, 10.90%
and 12.13% respectively under the low, medium and high nitrogen treatments.【Conclusion】By appropriately increasing
the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer and controlling the input of phosphate fertilizer at the same time, better quality
can be obtained under the premise of ensuring the yield of rice. |
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