| 陈锐明，余 宁，李 花，刘志霞，莫祥晓，赖伟洪，古幸福，李 锐.华南超级稻产量与农艺性状特性研究[J].广东农业科学,2021,48(10):78-86 |
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华南超级稻产量与农艺性状特性研究 |
| Research on Yield and Agronomic Trait Characteristics of Super Rice Varieties in South China |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2021.10.009 |
| 中文关键词: 超级稻 高氮利用率：产量 农艺性状 回归模型 |
| 英文关键词: super rice high nitrogen utilization rate yield agronomic trait regression model |
| 基金项目:广州市重大科技支撑项目（201604020066） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1089 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】为了把握广东省农业科学院水稻研究所育成的超级稻新品种主要生产特性，2018 年早
晚两造在广东省惠州市惠阳区在高氮肥条件下进行超级稻产量与农艺性状的关系研究。【方法】试验选择 6 个
超级稻品种，按照高氮肥素施肥水平下一般大田生产管理的方法。田间采用随机区组设计，3 次重复，按常
规测量农艺性状的方法田间采样和室内考种 10 个单株获取数据，以 Microsoft Excel 进行数据整理，用 DPS 数
据处理系统 V17.10 高级版进行方差分析。【结果】总生物量与生育期正相关（r=0.701），生育期越长品种
（五优 308, 144 d）的总生物量越高（4 104 kg）。各性状丰产性和稳定性最佳回归方程及适应造别分别为：
生育期 Y1=-141.952+2.18182X（五优 308，早晚季），最高苗数 Y4=-0.8974+1.07865X（合美占，早晚季），
株高 Y3=-40.7206+1.42857X（金农丝苗，早晚季），有效穗数 Y3=10.8786+0.58983X（金农丝苗，早晚季），
Y5=5.3751+0.81356X（玉香油占，早晚季）；每穗总粒数 Y6=57.5266+0.91591X（桂农占，早晚季），千粒重
Y1=32.0460-0.28571X（五优 308，早晚季）。【结论】超级稻品种（组合）适合在高氮肥施用的条件下进行高
产创建活动。对合适的品种在合适的季节，高氮肥施用可以发挥出最高的产量水平，如桂农占在华南晚季的应用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】 In order to understand the main production characteristics of new super rice varieties bred by
the Rice Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the relationship between super rice yield and
agronomic characters was studied in Huiyang District, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province in 2018.【Method】Six super rice
varieties were selected for the experiment according to the general method of field production management under the level of
high nitrogen fertilization. The randomized block test field design was used to obtain the data of 10 individual plants by field
sampling and indoor seed testing with the conventional method for measuring agronomic characters（3 repeated tests）.
Microsoft Excel was used for data processing, and advanced edition of DPS data processing system V17.10 for variance
analysis.【Result】The total biomass was positively correlated（r=0.701）with the growth period, and the longer the growth
period（Wuyou308, 144 d）was, the higher the total biomass（4 104 kg）was. The best regression equation and adaptive season（ES: early season, LS: late season） for high yield and stability of each character were as: whole growth period（d）
Y1=-141.952+2.18182X（Wuyou308, ES and LS）; maximum seedling number Y4=-0.8974+1.07865X（Hemeizhan, ES and
LS）; plant height Y3=-40.7206+1.42857X（Jinnongsimiao, ES and LS）; effective panicle number Y3=10.8786+0.58983X
（Jinnongsimiao, ES and LS）, Y5=5.3751+0.81356X（Yuxiangyouzhan, ES and LS）; spikelet number per panicle
Y6=57.5266+0.91591X（Guinongzhan, ES and LS）; 1000-grain weight Y1=32.0460-0.28571X（Wuyou 308, ES and LS）.
【Conclusion】Super rice varieties（combinations）are suitable for high yield creation activities under the condition of high
nitrogen fertilizer application. For the right varieties in the right season, the application of high nitrogen fertilizer can show the
best yield level, such as the application of Guinongzhan in the late season of South China rice region. |
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