| 蓝建荣，黄杰豪，黄石连，李锦旋，田 凯，刘 青，吴健雄，郑 丽.生防菌组合防控精品西瓜枯萎病的效果初探[J].广东农业科学,2022,49(1):94-104 |
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生防菌组合防控精品西瓜枯萎病的效果初探 |
| A Preliminary Study on the Effects of Combination of Biocontrol Agents Against Watermelon Fusarium Wilt Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2022.01.011 |
| 中文关键词: 西瓜枯萎病 生防菌组合 平板颉颃 互作类型 种子萌发 盆栽防效 |
| 英文关键词: watermelon Fusarium wilt combination of biocontrol agent plate antagonism type of interaction seed germination pot control efficacy |
| 基金项目:广州市科技计划项目（202002030278）；中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项自主立项与高新技术（1630112019004）；广东省科技创新战略专项资金“攀登计划”项目（pdjh2020b0288） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】筛选出对精品西瓜枯萎病具有防效的生防菌组合。【方法】将实验室筛选的5种生防菌株
23（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）、25（Exiguobacterium acetylicum）、28（B. pumilus）、37（B. licheniformis）、
156（B. cereus）分别进行复配获得31个组合，通过平板对峙试验和分隔平板研究生防菌及其菌源VOCs的平板抑
菌效果，测定其对西瓜种子和幼苗生长的影响，以及通过盆栽试验测定其对西瓜枯萎病的效果。【结果】31个
生防菌组合对西瓜枯萎病菌的平板颉颃具有显著差异，其中组合28（23+28+37+156）抑菌率达68.06%；组合13
（28+37）的菌源VOCs抑菌率可达41.60%；各组合预处理的西瓜种子和幼苗出苗率与对照无显著差异，但随着
组合的复配单菌数量增加，种子萌发率和子叶出土率呈现下降趋势；盆栽试验中，各组合对西瓜枯萎病的防治
效果存在差异，其中组合22（25+28+37）的防治效果高达61.1%。【结论】生防菌组合对西瓜枯萎病菌的平板颉
颃和盆栽防治效果存在差异，预测2个或3个单菌复配的效果可能最佳，且颉颃型组合更利于防病。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The study was carried out to screen ef fective combinations of biocontrol agents against
wa termelon Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum【Method】Five biocontrol agents including
23（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）, 25（Exiguobacterium acetylicum）, 28（Bacillus pumilus）, 37（Bacillus
licheniformis）and 156（Bacillus cereus）were combined to obtain 31 combinations. The plate bacteriostasis effects of
biocontrol agents and volatile organic compounds（VOCs）produced by each combination were studied via dual-culture
test and separation plate, then the effect of each combination on the germination rate of watermelon seeds and the growth
of seedlings as well as the biocontrol efficacy of these combinations against watermelon Fusarium wilt were determined.
【Result】The 31 combinations showed significant inhibition effect on FON growth, among which the inhibition rate of C28
was 68.06%, while the VOCs produced by C13（28+37）was 41.60%. There was no significant difference in the germination
rates of watermelon seeds pre-treated by various combinations and CK group, however, the gemination rate of seeds and
emergence rate of cotyledons presented a decreasing trended with the increase of the number of single isolates. In the pot
test, there were differences in the control effects of various combinations against watermelon Fusarium wilt, and the C22 had
the highest control efficacy of 61.1%.【Conclusion】There were differences in the plate antagonism and pot control effects
of 31 biocontrol combinations against watermelon Fusarium wilt, and it was predicted that the combination formed by two or
three single isolates had the best effect, and the antagonistic combinations are more beneficial to disease control. |
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