| 王 淼，衣萌萌，王瑞宁，卢迈新.罗非鱼高密度养殖池塘底泥微生物对不同碳源的代谢特征[J].广东农业科学,2022,49(1):128-135 |
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罗非鱼高密度养殖池塘底泥微生物对不同碳源的代谢特征 |
| Metabolic Characteristics of Different Carbon Sources by Microorganisms in Sediment of High-density Tilapia Pond |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2022.01.015 |
| 中文关键词: 罗非鱼 池塘 底泥 Biolog-ECO 平板 碳氮代谢 微生物菌群 |
| 英文关键词: tilapia pond sediment Biolog-ECO plate carbon and nitrogen metabolism microbial community |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系专项（CARS-46）；广东省基础与应用基础研究基金（2019A1515111046）；国家自然科学基金青年基金（32102818）；广东省重点领域研发计划项目（2021B0202020001） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】底泥中的微生物群落对维持池塘生态系统平衡具有重要意义。探讨罗非鱼高密度养殖池
塘底泥微生物的碳氮代谢特征与季节变化规律。【方法】在养殖季采集罗非鱼养殖池塘底泥样品，检测底泥中
的硝酸盐氮、亚硝酸盐氮、氨氮和总氮含量，并通过Biolog-ECO平板技术分析底泥微生物对含氮碳源、含磷碳源
和只含碳的碳源代谢的平均颜色变化率（Average Well Colour Development，AWCD）。【结果】养殖中期和末期
底泥中的总氮和氨氮含量显著高于养殖初期；底泥中的微生物能较好地利用β-甲基-D-葡萄糖苷、丙酮酸甲酯、
D-半乳糖醛酸、吐温80、D-甘露醇、肝糖、D-纤维二糖等只含碳的碳源和L-天门冬酰胺、N-乙酰-D-葡萄糖胺
（AWCD＞0.5）等含氮碳源，也可以利用D,L-α-磷酸甘油、葡萄糖-1-磷酸（AWCD＜0.5）等含磷碳源，不能
利用2-羟基苯甲酸、衣康酸和α-丁酮酸。养殖初期罗非鱼养殖池塘底泥微生物对只含碳的碳源和含氮碳源的利
用率高于养殖中期和末期。底泥微生物对含氮碳源和只含碳的碳源的利用率与底泥中的硝酸盐含量呈正相关。
【结论】可以尝试利用Biolog-ECO平板技术分析底泥微生物的氮利用指数，评估底泥菌群对氮的利用能力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Microbial community in sediment plays an important role in maintaining the balance of
pond ecosystem. The present research aimed to explore the characteristics and seasonal variation of carbon and nitrogen
metabolism of microorganisms in sediment of high-density tilapia pond.【Method】Sediment samples were collected
during the aquaculture season, and the contents of nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen
in sediment were analyzed. The average well color development (AWCD) of microbial metabolism of substrates containing
both C and N, containing both C and P and containing C only was analyzed by Biolog-ECO plates. 【Result】The contents of total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in pond sediment in July and October were significantly higher than those
in April. The microorganisms in the sediment could use substrates containing C only, including β-methyl-D-glucoside,
pyruvic acid methyl ester, D-galacturonic acid, tween 80, D-mannitol and D-cellobiose, substrates containing C and N,
including L-asparagine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (AWCD ＞ 0.5), and substrates containing C and P, including D,L-α-
glycerol phosphate and glucose-1-phosphate (AWCD ＜ 0.5). 2-hydroxy benzoic acid, itaconic acid and α-ketobutyric acid
could not be utilized. In April, AWCD of substrates containing C and N and substrates containing C only was higher
than those in July and October. AWCD of substrates containing C and N, and substrates containing C only was positively
correlated with nitrate content in sediment.【Conclusion】Biolog-ECO plate technology could be used to analyze nitrogen
use index of sediment microorganisms for evaluating nitrogen removal capacity of microbial community in sediment. |
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