| 林妙君，林敏丹，许展颖，冯婷诗，陈小梅.酸雨胁迫对水稻萌芽及幼苗生长的影响[J].广东农业科学,2022,49(4):1-7 |
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酸雨胁迫对水稻萌芽及幼苗生长的影响 |
| Effects of Acid Rain on Germinationand Seedling Growth of Rice |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2022.04.001 |
| 中文关键词: 酸雨胁迫 水稻 萌芽期 分蘖期 发芽率 叶绿素 |
| 英文关键词: acid rain stress rice germination stage tillering stage germination rate chlorophyll |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（32071641） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1410 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】酸雨影响农作物的生长发育，探究酸雨胁迫对水稻幼苗萌发期及分蘖期生理指标的影响，
为水稻种植提供理论参考。【方法】采用模拟室内酸雨培养试验，设置 pH 3.5、pH 4.0、pH 4.5、pH 5.0 模拟酸
雨处理与 pH 6.0 对照（CK），测定不同酸处理后水稻萌芽和生长等相关生理指标。【结果】水稻种子发芽率
（处理后 7 d）随 pH 值降低而下降，但各处理差异不显著。低强度酸雨（pH 4.5、pH 5.0）胁迫水稻种子发芽指
数、幼苗苗长与 CK 差异均不显著，pH 5.0 处理苗长为 6.82（±0.17）cm，略高于 CK（6.78 cm±0.13 cm）；而
高强度酸雨（pH 3.5、pH 4.0）胁迫发芽指数、活力指数和幼苗苗长均显著低于 CK。水稻幼苗株高、根长、叶
绿素在 pH 3.5~6.0 间整体呈现先增后减趋势，弱酸处理部分生理指标优于 CK，其中 pH 4.5、pH 5.0 处理株高分
别为 23.54（±0.97）、24.44（±0.57）cm，均高于 CK（21.54 cm±1.80 cm）；叶绿素含量为 26.13（±1.07）
SPAD、27.13（±0.63）SPAD， 均 高 于 CK（23.91±2.00 SPAD）；pH 4.5 处 理 根 长 为 6.56（±0.26）cm， 略 高 于
CK（6.50 cm±0.42 cm）。而强酸处理水稻幼苗各生理指标均显著低于 CK 且增速极为缓慢，表明酸雨对水稻生长
具有明显的“低促高抑”作用。【结论】高强度酸雨胁迫抑制水稻萌发及生长，低浓度酸雨则有一定的刺激作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Acid rain affects the growth and development of crops. Exploration of effects of acid rain
on physiological indexes of rice seedlings at the stages of germination and tillering can provide theoretical references for
rice planting in those regions covered by acid rain.【Method】An laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate
physiological indexes of rice germination and growth under stimulated acid rain (SAR) stresses, with the treatments
including pH 3.5, pH 4.0, pH 4.5, pH 5.0 and the control (CK) being pH 6.0.【Result】After incubation for seven days, the
germination rate of rice seeds decreased with the pH decrease of SAR, but the differences were not statistically significant
among treatments. Under low stress of SAR with pH 4.5 and pH 5.0, there were no significant difference in either germination
index or seedling length between treated and CK groups. The seedling length at pH 5.0 was 6.82 (±0.17) cm, a value being
slightly higher than that under CK (6.78 cm± 0.13cm). Under high stress of SAR of pH 3.5 and pH 4.0, the germination index, vigor index and seedling length of rice were significantly lower than those in CK group. The plant height, root length and
chlorophyll content of rice leaves increased first and then decreased during the range of pH 3.5-6.0 of SAR. Some physiological
indexes were promoted under weak acid treatment relative to the CK group. Especially, under the SAR treatments of pH 4.5 and
pH 5.0, the plant height was 23.54 (±0.97) cm and 24.44 (±0.57) cm, respectively, significantly higher than that in CK group
(21.54 cm±1.8 cm). The chlorophyll content was 26.13 (±1.07) SPAD and 27.13 (±0.63) SPAD under the SAR treatments of
pH 4.5 and pH 5.0, and that was significantly higher than that in CK group (23.91±2.00 SPAD). Moreover, the root length was
6.56 (±0.26) cm at the SAR treatment of pH 4.5, which was slightly higher than in CK group (6.50 cm±0.42 cm). In contrast,
high stress of the SAR treatments significantly impressed the physiological and growth indexes of rice, which indicated that
acid rain may exhibit low promoting and high inhibiting effect on rice growth.【Conclusion】High acid rain stress inhibited the
germination and growth of rice, while low concentration acid rain had a certain stimulating effect. |
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