| 黄石连，冯建平，韩冬梅，郭栋梁，吕新民，李建光.不同品种龙眼花营养成分分析[J].广东农业科学,2022,49(6):28-35 |
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不同品种龙眼花营养成分分析 |
| Analysis on the Nutritional Components ofDifferent Varieties of Longan Flowers |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2022.06.004 |
| 中文关键词: 龙眼花 可溶性蛋白 可溶性糖 维生素 C 营养成分分析 |
| 英文关键词: longan flower soluble protein soluble sugar vitamin C nutritional component analysis |
| 基金项目:广东省重点领域研发科技计划项目（2020B020220006） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】探究龙眼花的营养成分，比较不同品种龙眼花营养成分差异，为探究龙眼花的深加工以
及综合利用提供依据。【方法】通过考马斯亮蓝法、蒽酮法、2,4- 二硝基苯肼比色法分别测定 21 个不同品种龙
眼雌花和雄花可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和维生素 C 含量；利用主成分分析对 21 个品种龙眼雌雄花营养成分进行综
合评价，同时利用聚类分析将其归类。【结果】龙眼雄花可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、维生素 C 含量高于雌花，雄
花 3 种营养成分平均值分别为 14.02、191.23、5.29 mg/g，而雌花则分别为 12.54、167.25、5.21 mg/g。在 21 个
检测品种中，3 种营养成分都较高的龙眼品种有石硖、红壳、双孖木、水眼、从化大个圆、鸡卵眼、红核，从
中提取 3 个主成分，累计贡献率达 78.56%，可以较好地反映 21 个品种综合营养品质；以不同的营养成分聚类
得到不同的结果，均可以在阈值为 5 时将 21 个品种分为 3 类。【结论】龙眼花可溶性糖含量较高，主要集中在
100~250 mg/g，可溶性蛋白和维生素 C 含量分别集中在 10~20 mg/g 和 2~10 mg/g，龙眼花营养成分丰富，可作为
功能食品或药用开发的原料。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Exploring the nutritional components of longan flowers and comparing the nutritional
components of different varieties of longan flowers will provide basis for further processing and comprehensive utilization
of longan flowers.【Method】The contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar and vitamin C in female and male flowers of
21 different longan varieties were determined by coomassie brilliant blue staining, anthrone-sulfuric acid method and 2,
4-dinitrophenylhydrazine colorimetric method respectively. The nutritional components in female and male flowers of 21 different longan varieties were evaluated comprehensively by principal component analysis and classified by clustering
methodology.【Result】The contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar and vitamin C in male flowers were higher than those
in female flowers. The average values of the three nutrients in male flowers were 14.02 mg/g, 191.23 mg/g and 5.29 mg/g
respectively, while those in female flowers were 12.54 mg/g, 167.25 mg/g and 5.21 mg/g respectively. Among the 21 tested
varieties, Shixia, Hongke, Shuangmamu, Shuiyan, Conghuadageyuan, Jiluanyan and Honghe showed higher level in all three
nutrients. Three principal components were extracted, and their cumulative contribution rate reached 78.56%, reflecting the
comprehensive nutritional quality of 21 longan varieties. Different results were obtained by clustering with different nutritional
components and the 21 varieties could be divided into 3 categories when the threshold value was 5.【Conclusion】Longan
flowers have high soluble sugar content, mainly concentrated in 100-250 mg/g, while soluble protein and vitamin C content
mainly concentrated in 10-20 mg/g and 2-10 mg/g, respectively. Longan flowers are rich in nutritional components, which can
be used as functional food or raw materials for medicinal development. |
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