| 李 强，刘海林，曾艾兰.不同施肥处理对‘中天’玫瑰生长及开花品质的影响[J].广东农业科学,2022,49(6):66-73 |
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不同施肥处理对‘中天’玫瑰生长及开花品质的影响 |
| Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Growth and Flowering Quality of‘Zhongtian’Rose |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2022.06.009 |
| 中文关键词: 玫瑰 矿质元素 施肥 生长特性 开花品质 |
| 英文关键词: rose mineral element fertilization growth characteristics flowering quality |
| 基金项目:广东省现代农业关键技术模式集成与示范推广项目（粤财农〔2017〕37 号）；广东省现代农业产业
技术体系创新团队建设专项资金（2022） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1260 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】了解‘中天’玫瑰不同生长时期的营养需求特性、开花品质及活性物质含量变化情况，
评价不同肥料对其生长和品质的影响。【方法】以 1 年生‘中天’玫瑰扦插苗为试验材料，测定植株不同发育
时期叶片中矿质元素（N、P、K、Ca、Mg）含量，并比较翠筠长效 1 号缓释肥、康朴缓释肥、两种挪威速效肥、
有机肥（花生麸和羊粪）共 6 种不同肥料处理植株生长特性、花产量和花瓣中活性物质（多糖、总酚和总黄酮）
含量变化。【结果】翠筠长效 1 号缓释肥处理‘中天’玫瑰株高和冠幅增幅最大，而羊粪处理长势最差。叶片
中 N、P 元素含量在 5—8 月生长期显著下降，Ca 和 K 元素含量在此期间维持高水平，Mg 元素含量在整个试验
期间无显著变化。翠筠长效 1 号缓释肥处理‘中天’玫瑰开花时间最早（6 月 25 日），花期最长（98 d），花
产量显著高于其他处理，且该处理花瓣中多糖、总酚和总黄酮含量也较高，分别为 13.33%、5.79% 和 4.25%。
【结论】通过对比不同肥料对‘中天’玫瑰的施肥效果，发现翠筠长效 1 号缓释肥（14 ∶ 14 ∶ 14）在促进植
株生长和开花品质方面效果最优，可为‘中天’玫瑰在广东地区的栽培管理提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】In order to understand the characteristics of nutrient requirements, flowering quality and
changes in active substance content of‘Zhongtian’rose at different development stages, the effects of different fertilizers on
its growth and quality were evaluated.【Method】One-year-old‘Zhongtian’roses were used as experimental materials,
and the contents of mineral elements (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) in leaves at different growth stages were measured. The plant
growth characteristics, flower yield and contents of active substances (polysaccharides, total phenols and total flavonoids)
in petals were compared under six fertilizer treatments: Cuiyun long-acting fertilizer No. 1, Compo slow release fertilizer,
two Norway quick-acting fertilizers, and organic fertilizer (peanut bran and sheep manure).【Result】The increases in plant height and grown width of‘Zhongtian’rose were the largest under Cuiyun long-acting fertilizer No. 1 treatment, while
the growth was the worst under sheep manure treatment. The contents of N and P in leaves decreased significantly from May to
August, while the contents of Ca and K remained high during this period. Mg content did not change significantly during the whole
experiment period. Under Cuiyun long-acting fertilizer No. 1 treatment,‘Zhongtian’rose blossomed the earliest (25 June), the
flowering period was the longest (98 d), the flower yield was significantly higher than that of other treatments, and the contents of
polysaccharides, total phenols and total flavonoids in the petals under this treatment were also relatively high, reaching 13.33%,
5.79% and 4.25% respectively.【Conclusion】After comparing the effects of different fertilizers on ‘Zhongtian’ rose, it was
found that Cuiyun long-acting fertilizer No. 1 (14 ∶ 14 ∶ 14) had the best effect on promoting plant growth and flowering quality,
which could provide references for the cultivation and management of‘Zhongtian’rose in Guangdong Province. |
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