| 寸 婕 1,2，李小林 1
，黄晓蓉 1,2，管俊娇 1
，奎丽梅 1
，谷安宇 1
，胡茂林 3
，张建华 1.栽培措施对云科粳 5 号产量及品质的影响[J].广东农业科学,2022,49(8):11-20 |
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栽培措施对云科粳 5 号产量及品质的影响 |
| Effects of Cultivation Measures on Yieldand Quality of Yunkejing 5 |
| |
| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2022.08.002 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻 产量 品质 移栽密度 氮肥 |
| 英文关键词: rice yield quality transplanting density nitrogen fertilizer |
| 基金项目:云南省种子联合实验室项目 - 制繁种关键技术及标准体系建设（202205AR070001） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的 】探究栽培措施（移栽密度、施氮量）对优质粳稻品种云科粳 5 号产量及品质的影响。
【方法】采用大田裂区设计，设置 4 个氮肥施用量（N 0、150、240、330 kg/hm2
）和 4 个移栽密度（24 万、30 万、
36 万、42 万苗 /hm2
）处理，测定稻谷产量性状、叶片 SPAD 值、糙米率、直链淀粉、精米率、垩白粒率、蛋白
质、胶稠度等，探究施氮量和栽培密度对粳稻云科粳 5 号产量和品质的影响。【结果】在 0~330 kg/hm2 范围内，
随着氮肥用量的增加，分蘖明显增加，高氮条件下个体分蘖数最高，达 18.80 个 / 穴；而随着移栽密度的增加，
分蘖逐渐降低；产量随着移栽密度增加整体呈下降趋势，各施氮量处理下，移栽密度为 24 万苗 /hm2 获得最高产
13 308 kg/hm2
。云科粳 5 号在 240 kg/hm2 高氮水平下易取得高产，配合适宜的移栽密度能够进一步提高水稻产量；
随着氮肥用量逐渐增加，垩白粒率、垩白度、胶稠度整体呈增加趋势，36 万苗 /hm2 移栽密度在各施氮量下精米
率整体较高，最高达 75.10%。整精米率在高氮和高密度下偏高，糙米率和蛋白质含量在 240 kg/hm2 和 330 kg/hm2
高施氮量下较高，说明高氮肥会增加米质的糙米率和蛋白质含量。【结论】在施氮量 240 kg/hm2 和移栽密度
24 万苗 /hm2 组合下，云科粳 5 号产量最高达 13 308 kg/hm2
，米质综合判定二级，为最优组合，可应用于实际生产。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The study was carried out to investigate the effects of cultivation measures (transplanting
density, nitrogen application rate) on the yield and quality of high-quality japonica rice variety Yunkejing 5.【Method】
Yunkejing 5 was used as tested material, and the split-plot design was adopted in the field. Four nitrogen levels (0, 150, 240
and 330 kg/hm2
) and four transplanting densities (240 000, 300 000, 360 000 and 420 000 seedlings/hm2
) were set. The yield
characters, SPAD value, brown rice rate, amylose, polished rice rate, chalky grain rate, protein content and gel consistency
were determined to explore the effects of nitrogen application rate and cultivation density on yield and quality of japonica rice Yunkejing 5.【Result】In the range of 0-330 kg/hm2
, with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application rate, tillers were
increased significantly, and the number of individual tillers was the highest under high nitrogen rate, reaching 18.80 per cluster;
with the increase of transplanting density, tillers were gradually decreased. The yield showed a downward trend with the increase
of transplanting density. Under the treatments with various nitrogen application rates, the highest yield was 13 308 kg/hm2 when
the transplanting density was 240 000 seedlings/hm2
. Yunkejing 5 was apt to obtain high yield at the rate of 240 kg/hm2
, and
the appropriate transplanting density could further improve the rice yield. With the gradual increase of the amount of nitrogen
fertilizer, the chalky grain rate, chalkiness degree and gel consistency showed an increasing trend. A higher polished rice rate
could be obtained with a transplanting density of 360 000 seedlings/hm2 under various nitrogen application rates, with a highest
rate of 75.10%. The head rice rate was higher under high nitrogen rate and high density, the brown rice rate and protein content
were higher at high nitrogen application rates of 240 kg/hm2
and 330 kg/hm2
, indicating that high nitrogen fertilizer could
increase the brown rice rate and protein content of rice quality.【Conclusion】Under the combination of nitrogen application
rate of 240 kg/hm2
and transplanting density of 240 000 seedlings/hm2
, the maximum yield of Yunkejing 5 is 13 308 kg/hm2
.
The comprehensive judgment of rice quality is the second grade, which is the optimal combination and can be applied to actual
production. |
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