广西大果甜杨桃表型多样性评价

刘航宁 1; 陈庆梅 1; 梁维忠 1; 任 惠 2; 田景非1; 李佳欣 1; 陈雨寒 1; 周 琼 1

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刘航宁 1 ，陈庆梅 1 ，梁维忠 1 ，任惠 2 ，田景非1 ，李佳欣 1 ，陈雨寒 1 ，周琼 1.广西大果甜杨桃表型多样性评价[J].广东农业科学,2022,49(8):38-45

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Evaluation of Phenotypic Diversity ofDaguotianyangtao in Guangxi

DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2022.08.005

中文关键词: 大果甜杨桃表型多样性变异分析相关性分析主成分分析聚类分析

英文关键词: Daguotianyangtao phenotypic diversity variation analysis correlation analysis principal component analysis cluster analysis

基金项目:广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项（桂农科 2021YT046）

作者	单位
刘航宁 1 ，陈庆梅 1 ，梁维忠 1 ，任惠 2 ，田景非1 ，李佳欣 1 ，陈雨寒 1 ，周琼 1	1. 广西大学农学院，广西南宁 530004； 2. 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所，广西南宁 530007

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中文摘要:

【目的】揭示大果甜杨桃叶片表型性状的多样性及挖掘其优异种质资源，提高优胜大果甜杨桃种质资源的保护和利用水平。【方法】以广西壮族自治区农作物品种审定委员会审定的 5 种大果甜杨桃种质资源为研究材料，对 6 个复叶性状、3 个顶生小叶性状和 3 个侧生小叶性状进行测定，通过变异分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析研究其叶片表型及多样性特征。【结果】12 个性状的变异系数范围为 9.97%~28.94%，平均变异系数为 16.86%，多样性较为丰富；大果甜杨桃叶片 12 个表型性状间存在不同程度的相关性，可为其叶片性状的改良提供一定的理论依据；主成分分析将 12 个数量性状分为 4 个主成分，累计方差贡献率为 80.723%，可作为大果甜杨桃叶片性状选择的综合指标；聚类分析结果表明，当平方欧氏距离为 5 时，将所有材料分为 3 个类群，第 2 类群在复叶长、复叶宽、复叶主轴长等 9 个表型性状指标中均最优，可作为叶片性状育种优先考虑的种质资源。【结论】综合各供试杨桃品种表型性状的变异分析、相关性分析、主成分分析等分析结果，大果甜杨桃 2 号在复叶长、复叶宽、复叶主轴长、复叶鲜质量、小叶数量、顶生小叶长、侧生小叶长、侧生小叶宽和侧生小叶鲜质量 9 个表型性状指标中表现较优，可作为叶片性状育种优先考虑的品种。

英文摘要:

【Objective】The study was conducted to reveal the diversity of phenotypic traits of carambola leaves and explore the excellent germplasm resources so as to improve the protection and utilization of germplasm resources of Daguotianyangtao.【Method】Taking the five species of carambola germplasm resources approved and named by the Crop Variety Approval Committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region as research materials, six compound leaf traits, three terminal leaflet traits and three lateral leaflet traits were determined. The leaf phenotype and diversity characteristics were evaluated by variation analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. 【Result】The coefficient of variation of the 12 traits ranged from 9.97% to 28.94%, and the average coefficient of variation was 16.86%. The diversity was relatively rich. There were different degrees of correlation among the 12 phenotypic traits in the leaves of Daguotianyangtao, which could provide a certain theoretical basis for the improvement of leaf traits. Based on principal component analysis, 12 quantitative traits were divided into 4 principal components, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 80.723%, which could be used as a comprehensive index for selection of leaf traits of Daguotianyangtao. Cluster analysis results showed that, when the square Euclidean distance was 5, all the materials were divided into 3 groups, and the second group was the best in 9 phenotypic traits such as compound leaf length, compound leaf width and compound leaf principal axis length, which could be selected as the prioritized germplasm resources for leaf trait breeding. 【Conclusion】Based on the results of variation analysis, correlation analysis and principal component analysis of the phenotypic characteristics of the tested Carambola varieties, Daguotianyangtao 2 showed the optimal performance in compound leaf length, compound leaf width, compound leaf principal axis length, compound leaf fresh weight, and leaflet number, terminal leaflet length, lateral leaflet length, lateral leaflet width, and lateral leaflet fresh quality among the 9 phenotypic traits, and could be used as a prioritized variety for leaf trait breeding.

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