根际 NaCl 浓度对冰菜形态和生理的影响

付婷婷; 王 昊; 赵 颖; 王蔚兰; 王 旭

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付婷婷，王昊，赵颖，王蔚兰，王旭.根际 NaCl 浓度对冰菜形态和生理的影响[J].广东农业科学,2023,50(6):36-43

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Effects of Rhizosphere NaCl Concentration on Morphology and Physiology of Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.

DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2023.06.005

中文关键词: 冰菜盐分浓度形态质量生理表皮盐囊泡耐盐性

英文关键词: Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. NaCl concentration morphology biomass physiology epidermal salt vesicle NaCl tolerance

基金项目:海南省重点研发计划项目（ZDYF2022SHFZ061）；海南省自然科学基金（321RC1032）

作者	单位
付婷婷，王昊，赵颖，王蔚兰，王旭	海南大学园艺学院，海南海口 570228

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中文摘要:

【目的】探究根际 NaCl 浓度对冰菜的形态和生理的影响，找到适合植物工厂冰菜营养液栽培的适宜 NaCl 浓度，为冰菜植物工厂生产管理提供参考。【方法】以水晶冰菜种子为材料，选用日本园试营养液配方，在人工光下水培，以未添加 NaCl 处理为对照（CK），添加 NaCl 至终浓度分别为 3、6、9、12 g/L（分别记为 T1、T2、T3、T4）。处理 21 d 后，分析不同 NaCl 浓度营养液中冰菜的形态和生理指标，统计表皮盐囊泡面积占比和表皮盐囊泡个数，分析不同 NaCl 浓度与冰菜形态和生理的关系。【结果】从形态指标与质量来看，冰菜在 3 g/L NaCl 浓度营养液中，株高、茎粗、叶面积、地下部鲜质量和地上部鲜质量与 CK 相比无极显著差异；冰菜在 6 g/L NaCl 浓度营养液中株高和地下部鲜质量和地上部鲜质量与 CK 相比显著增高，该浓度对冰菜生长有一定的促进作用；冰菜在 9、12 g/L NaCl 浓度营养液中株高、茎粗、叶面积、地上部鲜质量呈下降趋势，与 CK 差异达到极显著水平，表明冰菜在 9 g/L 和 12 g/L NaCl 浓度营养液中生长受到抑制。从生理指标方面来看，冰菜的可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量和叶绿素 SPAD 值随 NaCl 浓度升高呈上升趋势，在 12 g/L NaCl 浓度营养液中可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量和叶绿素 SPAD 值最高，分别比 CK 增加 50.2%、119.5% 和 77.9%；从表皮盐囊泡指标来看，冰菜表皮盐囊泡面积占比与表皮盐囊泡个数随营养液中 NaCl 浓度的升高而增大，在 12 g/L NaCl 浓度营养液中达到最大，分别比 CK 增加 54.9%、182.1%。【结论】营养液中 3~6 g/L NaCl 浓度最适于植物工厂冰菜栽培。

英文摘要:

【Objective】This study aimed to investigate the effects of rhizospheric NaCl concentration on the morphology and physiology of Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. and determine the suitable NaCl concentration for it’s hydroponic cultivation in plant factories, providing references for production management.【Method】Crystal M. crystallinum L. seeds were used as material, and the Japanese garden general formula was selected for cultivation in nutrient solution under artificial light. With no NaCl added as the control (CK), NaCl was added to the final concentration of 3 g/L (T1), 6 g/L (T2), 9 g/L (T3), 12 g/L (T4), respectively. After 21 days of NaCl treatment, the morphological and physiological indicators were analyzed, and the proportion of epidermal salt vacuole area and the number of epidermal salt vacuoles were counted, so as to analyze the relationship between NaCl concentration and the morphology and physiology of M. crystallinum L..【Result】From the perspective of morphological indicators and biomass, there were no significant differences in plant height, stem thickness, leaf area, root fresh weight and shoot fresh weight compared to the CK when M. crystallinum L. was grown in a nutrient solution with a NaCl concentration of 3 g/L. In the nutrient solution with a NaCl concentration of 6 g/L, M. crystallinum L. showed significantly increased in plant height, root fresh weight and shoot fresh weight compared to the CK, indicating a certain promotion effect on the growth of M. crystallinum L.. However, in the nutrient solutions with NaCl concentrations of 9 g/L and 12 g/L, M. crystallinum L. exhibited a decreasing trend in plant height, stem thickness, leaf area, and shoot fresh weight with significant differences compared to the CK. This suggests that the growth of M. crystallinum L. is inhibited in nutrient solutions with NaCl concentrations of 9 g/L and 12 g/L. In terms of physiological indicators, the protein content, soluble sugar content, and chlorophyll SPAD value of M. crystallinum L. increased with increasing NaCl concentration, reaching the highest levels in the nutrient solution with a NaCl concentration of 12 g/L, with increases of 50.2%, 119.5%, and 77.9% compared to the CK, respectively. Regarding the epidermal salt vacuole indicators, both the proportion of epidermal salt vacuole area and the number of epidermal salt vacuoles increased with increasing NaCl concentration, reaching the maximum values in the nutrient solution with a NaCl concentration of 12 g/L, with increases of 54.9% and 182.1% compared to the CK, respectively.【Conclusion】The optimal NaCl concentration for hydroponic cultivation of M. crystallinum L. in plant factories falls within the range of 3-6 g/L.

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