| 陈 锐 1,2，瞿 佳 1,2，孙晓宇 1
，门 欣 1,2，邓 媛 1
，赵玲侠 1,2.菌剂 PA9 降解农田土壤残留氧化乐果研究[J].广东农业科学,2023,50(6):73-82 |
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菌剂 PA9 降解农田土壤残留氧化乐果研究 |
| Study on the Degradation of Residual Omethoate in Farmland Soil by Bacterial Agent PA9 |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2023.06.009 |
| 中文关键词: 细菌 氧化乐果 假单胞菌 生物降解 污染修复 |
| 英文关键词: bacteria omethoate Pseudomonas sp. biodegradation pollution remediation |
| 基金项目:陕西省科学院科技计划项目（2018NK-01）；陕西省重点研发计划项目（2022NY-075，2022NY-136） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】验证菌剂 PA9 在设施棚中对土壤中残留的氧化乐果降解效果，研究其对土壤理化性质、
番茄生长及土壤微生物等产生的影响。【方法】将氧化乐果降解菌 ZZY-C13-1-9 制备成氧化乐果降解菌剂
PA9，在土壤中添加 100 mg/kg 的氧化乐果并施用 0.1% 菌剂 PA9，进行为期 50 d 的土壤污染修复试验。每隔 10
d 取土样 1 次，采用 HPLC 法测定土壤中残留的氧化乐果含量，通过选择性平板培养观察降解功能菌在土壤中的
定殖，采用高通量测序法监测土壤细菌多样性变化，按国标法测定土壤理化指标，测定番茄生长指标。【结果】
土壤中添加 100 mg/kg 的氧化乐果并施用 0.1% 菌剂 PA9，修复 40 d 后氧化乐果残留量降至 5.3 mg/kg，对照残
留量为 48.79 mg/kg，差异极显著。菌剂 PA9 功能菌株 ZZY-C13-1-9 在氧化乐果污染土壤中可有效定殖，修复
10~20 d 时，在氧化乐果土壤微生物中比例有所增加。土壤中残留的氧化乐果含量显著降低，表明该功能菌株可
在污染土壤中发挥降解氧化乐果的作用。高通量测序结果显示，随着氧化乐果含量降低，假单胞菌在土壤微生
物菌群中的比例也随之降低，表明菌剂 PA9 不会永久改变土壤的微生物多样性分布，修复后的土壤可有效恢复
细菌菌群多样性，土壤全氮、微生物氮、速效磷含量及土壤团聚体 MWD 值较对照显著增加，菌剂 PA9 的使用
对番茄生长无负面影响。【结论】氧化乐果降解菌剂 PA9，可在氧化乐果污染土壤中短期定殖并加速土壤中氧
化乐果的降解，改善污染土壤微生物多样性，对土壤理化性质及种植番茄无不良影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The study aims to verify the application effect of bacterial agent PA9 degrading omethoate
which residual in the soil. Soil physical and chemical properties, tomato growth and soil microbial diversity affect by bacterial
agent PA9 were researched at the same time. 【Method】Bacterial agent PA9 was made from bacteria strain ZZY-C13-1-9,
when omethoate artificial add into the soil about 100 mg/kg, the bacterial agent PA9 were applied 0.1%. The period of
remediation lasted for 50 days. Soil samples were taken every 10 days . The content of omethoate in soil were measured
by HPLC. A selective culture medium is used to isolate strain ZZY-C13-1-9. The microbial diversity were measured by
illumina miSeq high-throughput sequencing. Soil physical and chemical indexes were determined by national standard
method. Tomato growth index were monitored. 【Result】Initial content of omethoate in soil was 100 mg/kg at 0 days. After
40 days, the omethoate content in soil decrease to 5.3 mg/kg at remediation experimental group, which was significantly different with control group (48.79 mg/kg) . Microbial strain ZZY-C13-1-9 could colonize in the soil and the proportion of soil
microorganisms in omethoate soil increased after 10 - 20 days of remediation. The residual omethoate content in the soil was
significantly reduced, which indicated that the functional strain could play a role in degrading omethoate in contaminated soil.
The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that the proportion of Pseudomonas sp. in soil microbial flora decreased with
the decrease of omethoate content, indicating that the bacterial agent PA9 would not permanently change the distribution of soil
microbial diversity, and the restored soil could effectively restore the diversity of bacterial flora. The contents of total nitrogen,
microbial nitrogen, available phosphorus and MWD in soil aggregates increased significantly compared with the control, and the
use of microbial agent PA9 had no negative effect on the growth of tomato.【Conclusion】The bacterial agent PA9 can colonize
and accelerate the degradation of omethoate in omethoate-contaminated soil in a short period of time, improve the microbial
diversity of contaminated soil and have no adverse effects on the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the planting of
tomatoes. |
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