60 种秋海棠属植物在深圳地区园林应用能力的综合评价

徐桂红; 杨蕾蕾; 李凌飞

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徐桂红，杨蕾蕾，李凌飞.60 种秋海棠属植物在深圳地区园林应用能力的综合评价[J].广东农业科学,2023,50(7):127-136

查看全文 HTML 60 种秋海棠属植物在深圳地区园林应用能力的综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation on the Landscape Application Ability of 60 Begonia Species/Cultivars in Shenzhen

DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2023.07.013

中文关键词: 秋海棠露天栽培适应性园林应用层次分析法综合评价

英文关键词: Begonia open cultivation adaptability landscape application Analytic Hierarchy Process comprehensive evaluation

基金项目:深圳市城管局科研项目（202205）

作者	单位
徐桂红，杨蕾蕾，李凌飞	深圳市中国科学院仙湖植物园 / 深圳市南亚热带植物多样性重点实验室，广东深圳 518004

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中文摘要:

【目的】建立秋海棠属植物综合评价体系，筛选在深圳地区可以露天栽培、适合园林应用的秋海棠属植物。【方法】观测统计 60 种秋海棠属植物的 16 个性状指标，应用层次分析法（AHP）从观赏性、适应性、露天种植表现 3 个方面构建评价体系，综合评价秋海棠属植物园林应用能力。由秋海棠属植物各评价因素的分值乘以权重值，相加计算得到每个种 / 品种的综合评价得分，依据综合评价得分从高到低分别将 60 种秋海棠属植物划分为Ⅰ~ Ⅳ 4 个等级。【结果】Ⅰ级秋海棠属植物共 20 种、占 33.33%，分别是珊瑚秋海棠、蓖麻叶秋海棠、虎斑秋海棠、微风冰川秋海棠、U400 秋海棠、白芷叶秋海棠、荷叶秋海棠、大王秋海棠、宁明银秋海棠、画家调色板秋海棠、几何秋海棠、羞涩秋海棠、玛雅阁秋海棠、苏秋海棠、少瓣秋海棠、圣诞老人秋海棠、帕洛玛王子秋海棠、秋日灰烬秋海棠、黛西秋海棠、长纤秋海棠，推荐在深圳园林中优先推广应用；Ⅱ级秋海棠属植物共 19 种、占 31.67%，可在深圳园林中推广应用；Ⅲ级秋海棠属植物共 15 种、占 25.00%，可作为在深圳园林中应用的备选品种；绿脉秋海棠、花叶秋海棠、伯基尔秋海棠、龙虎山秋海棠、多叶秋海棠、方柄秋海棠等 6 种秋海棠属植物被评为Ⅳ级，不建议在深圳园林中推广应用。【结论】通过构建秋海棠属植物综合评价体系，实践镶边植物、垂直绿化、地被、生态缸、主题植物展览、花境、花坛等应用形式，筛选出观赏性好、适应性强、露天种植表现优良的 20 种适宜在深圳园林中应用的种类，为秋海棠属植物在园林中的推广应用及植物配置选择提供参考。

英文摘要:

【Objective】A comprehensive evaluation system was constructed to screen the Begonia species / cultivars that can be cultivated in open air and suitable for landscape application in Shenzhen. 【Method】Based on the observation and statistics of 16 traits of 60 Begonia species / cultivars, a comprehensive evaluation system was established from three aspects of ornamental, adaptability and open cultivation performance by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The comprehensive evaluation score of each species/cultivars was calculated by multiplying the score of each evaluation factor of Begonia by the weight value, and 60 species of Begonia were divided to four grades (I~ Ⅳ ) according to the comprehensive evaluation scores. 【Result】 The evaluation results showed 20 Begonia species/cultivars, including B. ‘Pinafore’, B. ‘Ricinifolia’, B. ‘Tiger kitten’, B. ‘Cool Breeze Glacier’, B. U400, B. heracleifolia var. nigricans, B. nelumbiifolia, B. rex, B. Ningming ‘Silver’, B. ‘Painter’s Palette’, B. ‘Cleopatra’, B. ‘First Blush’, B. ‘Mirage’, B. ‘Curly Sue’, B. wangii, B. ‘St. Nick’, B. ‘Palomar Prince’, B. ‘Autumn ember’, B. ‘Daisy’, B. longiciliata were grade I, and they were recommended for priority promotion and application in Shenzhen gardens. Nineteen Begonia species/cultivars were grade Ⅱ, accounting for 31.67%, which were suggested to be popularized in Shenzhen. Fiveteen Begonia species/cultivars were grade Ⅲ, accounting for 25.00%, which could be used as alternative varieties. B. chloroneura, B. cathayana, B. burkillii, B. umbraculifolia, B. foliosa, B. santos-limae were grade IV, and which were not recommended.【Conclusion】Through the constructed comprehensive evaluation system, the application forms of edging plants, vertical greening, ground cover, ecological tanks, themed plant exhibitions, flower borders, flower beds and so on were practiced, and 20 Begonia species/cultivars with good ornamental, strong adaptability and excellent open-air planting performance were selected, which were suitable for application in Shenzhen gardens, so as to provide a reference for the popularization and application of Begonia plants in gardens and the selection of plant configuration.

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