| 高银,乔燕春,汪国平,等.节瓜果肉叶绿素含量的主基因+多基因遗传分析[J].广东农业科学,2024,(9-11):- |
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节瓜果肉叶绿素含量的主基因+多基因遗传分析 |
| Genetic Analysis of Chlorophyll Content Using Major Gene Plus Polygene Inheritance Model in Chieh-qua |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-18 修订日期：2024-05-16 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 节瓜；果肉颜色；叶绿素含量；遗传模型；主基因 遗传分析 |
| 英文关键词: Chieh-qua Flesh color Chlorophyll content Genetic model Major gene Genetic analysis |
| 基金项目:广州市基础与应用基础研究项目（202201011716）； 广东省乡村振兴战略专项资金种业振兴项目（2022NPY01004）；广州市农业财政资金项目（23107180）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】对节瓜果肉叶绿素含量进行主基因+多基因遗传分析，研究果肉颜色与叶绿素含量的关系及遗传机理，为选育优质节瓜品种奠定基础。【方法】本研究利用J16(白肉)和FJ5(绿肉)形成4世代群体，通过肉眼观察节瓜果肉颜色并测量其叶绿素含量，最后利用主基因+多基因混合模型分析得到果肉叶绿素含量的最适遗传模型及遗传规律。【结果】结果表明叶绿素含量是节瓜绿色果肉形成的关键因素同时表现为数量性状特征，果肉叶绿素含量最适遗传模型为MX2-ADI-ADI，即2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因模型。2对主基因的加性效应绝对值之和（da+db）大于2对显性效应绝对值之和（ha+hb），且da＞db，表明第1对主基因的负向加性效应为主，同时主基因和多基因遗传率分别为93.69%和3.36%。【结论】上述性状的主基因遗传率均远大于多基因遗传率，以主基因遗传为主。因此，在节瓜优质育种过程中要重视利用主基因，可在早期世代进行选择以及采用组合育种的途径对节瓜进行改良。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Objective] To conduct a major gene and polygenes genetic analysis on the chlorophyll content in the flesh of cheih-qua, study the relationship and genetic mechanism between flesh color and chlorophyll content, and lay the foundation for breeding high-quality cheih-qua varieties. [Method] In this study, J16(white meat) and FJ5(green meat) were used to form a 4-generation population, and the color of the flesh of the melon and fruit was observed by naked eye and the chlorophyll content was measured. Finally, the optimal genetic model and genetic rule of the chlorophyll content in the flesh were analyzed by the mixed model of the majoy gene and polygene. [Result] The results showed that chlorophyll content is a key factor in the formation of green flesh in chieh-qua and is also characterized as a quantitative trait, and the optimal genetic model for pulp chlorophyll content is MX2-ADI-ADI, that is, 2 pairs of additive - dominant-epistatic major gene + additive - dominant-epistatic polygene model. The sum of absolute values of additive effects (da+db) of 2 pairs of major genes is greater than that of 2 pairs of dominant effects (ha+hb), and da > db indicates that the negative additive effects of the first pair of major genes are dominant, and the heritability of major genes and polygenes is 93.69% and 3.36% respectively. [Conclusion] The heritability of major genes for the above traits is much higher than that of polygenes, and the major genes are dominant. Therefore, we should pay attention to the use of major genes in the process of high-quality breeding of chieh-qua, and we can select in early generations and improve chieh-qua by combining breeding. |
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