| 李禹,代惠娟,白羽祥,等.基肥减氮对烤烟生长及养分利用的影响[J].广东农业科学,2024,(9-11):- |
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基肥减氮对烤烟生长及养分利用的影响 |
| Effects of base fertilizer nitrogen reduction on growth and nutrient utilization of flue-cured tobacco |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-30 修订日期：2024-07-11 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 烤烟 基肥减氮 干物质 肥料利用率 产质量 |
| 英文关键词: Flue-cured tobacco base fertilizer nitrogen reduction dry matter fertilizer utilization rate production quality |
| 基金项目:河北中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(2022130000340019) |
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| 摘要点击次数: 11 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】研究基肥减氮对烤烟生长发育、养分利用及产质量的影响,初步明确基肥减氮的可行性,为烤烟的可持续生产提供一定的理论依据。【方法】设置不施肥、常规施肥、基肥减氮10%、20%、30% 共5个处理,对比分析各处理烟株农艺性状、经济性状、化学成分及肥料利用率等指标。【结果】适量的氮肥减施能缩短烤烟生育期,显著增加烟株株高和有效叶数。减氮10%后,烤烟的产量和产值较常规施氮肥分别提高了6.47%和16.18%,磷、钾肥的肥料利用率分别提高2.88%和13.09%；减氮10%、20%处理烤后烟叶外观质量较好,烟叶还原糖含量、总氮含量、烟碱含量等指标均在云南优质烤烟常规化学成分指标要求范围内；减氮30%对烟株农艺性状、经济性状指标影响不显著。【结论】基肥适量减氮可通过提高肥料利用率促进烤烟生长和产质量提升,其中以减氮10%效果最优。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The research aimed to study the effects of base fertilizer nitrogen reduction on the growth and development, nutrient utilization, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco, and preliminarily clarify the feasibility of base fertilizer nitrogen reduction, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable production of flue-cured tobacco. 【Method】Five treatments were set up, including no fertilization, conventional fertilization, 10 %, 20 % and 30 % nitrogen reduction of base fertilizer. The agronomic traits, economic traits, chemical composition and fertilizer utilization rate of tobacco plants in each treatment were compared and analyzed. 【Result】Appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer reduction could shorten the growth period of flue-cured tobacco, and significantly increase the plant height and the number of effective leaves. After reducing nitrogen by 10 %, the yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco increased by 6.47 % and 16.18 %, respectively, and the fertilizer utilization rate of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer increased by 2.88 % and 13.09 %, respectively. The appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves treated with 10 % and 20 % nitrogen reduction was better, and the reducing sugar content, total nitrogen content and nicotine content of tobacco leaves were all within the requirements of conventional chemical composition indexes of Yunnan high-quality flue-cured tobacco. Nitrogen reduction of 30 % had no significant effect on agronomic traits and economic traits of tobacco plants. 【Conclusion】Appropriate nitrogen reduction of base fertilizer can promote the growth, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco by improving fertilizer utilization rate, and the effect of 10 % nitrogen reduction is the best. |
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