| 李新禄,宋尚书,张海涛,等.高效低鱼粉配合饲料养殖大规格卵形鲳鲹的应用评估[J].广东农业科学,2024,(9-10):- |
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高效低鱼粉配合饲料养殖大规格卵形鲳鲹的应用评估 |
| Evaluation of the application of high-efficiency low-fishmeal compound feed for breeding Large-scale farming of Trachinotus ovatus |
| 投稿时间：2024-05-08 修订日期：2024-07-29 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 卵形鲳鲹 高效低鱼粉配合饲料 生长性能 肌肉品质 养殖效益 |
| 英文关键词: Trachinotus ovatus High-efficiency and low-fishmeal compound feed Growth performance Muscle quality Culture efficiency. |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0900400）; 国家自然科学基金（31873040） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘要：【目的】本课题组前期研发的高效低鱼粉配合饲料在小规格卵形鲳鲹养殖中表现出良好的应用效果。为进一步评估该饲料在大规格卵形鲳鲹养殖中的应用效果，为实际生产提供参考。【方法】基于卵形鲳鲹商品饲料（对照组）和高效低鱼粉配合饲料（试验组）的配方（粗蛋白43%，粗脂肪10%），采用企业的饲料加工工艺及设备配制两组饲料，于池塘网箱中饲喂大规格卵形鲳鲹（125.8 ± 0.70 g）95 d，比较分析各组鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、消化酶活性和肌肉品质。【结果】两组间鱼生长性能（日摄食率、特定生长率、增重率、饲料系数）和形态指标，血清和肝脏抗氧化性能指标（总抗氧化能力和丙二醛含量），以及肠道消化酶活性（α-淀粉酶、脂肪酶和胰蛋白酶）均无显著差异（P > 0.05）；然而，与商品料组相比，试验组鱼血清甘油三酯、总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白含量显著降低，HDL/LDL显著提升（P < 0.05）。在肌肉品质方面，两组间鱼肌肉蛋白和脂肪含量，以及氨基酸组成（总氨基酸、必需氨基酸、风味氨基酸）均无显著差异（P > 0.05）；但试验料显著改善了肌肉质构特性，提高肌肉EPA水平。相比于商品料，试验料成本降低11.32 %，养殖效益提高26.35 %。【结论】高效低鱼粉配合饲料在大规格卵形鲳鲹养殖应用中，具有同商品料一样的促生长效果，且有利于降低血脂，减少养殖成本，提高养殖效益，可全周期应用于卵形鲳鲹养殖。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract:【Objective】In the early stage, the high-efficiency low-fishmeal compound feed developed by our research group showed good application effects in the cultivation of small-sized Trachinotus ovatus. In order to further evaluate the application effect of this feed in the cultivation of large-sized Trachinotus ovatus, this study was conducted. 【Method】Based on the previous feed formula production test feed (crude protein 42.8%, crude fat 9.38%), commercial feed was used as a control (crude protein 42.94%, crude fat 10.79%), and large-sized Trachinotus ovatus (125.8 ± 0.70 g) were fed for 56 days. The growth performance, serum biochemical indicators, digestive enzyme activity, and muscle quality of each group were compared and analyzed. 【Result】The results showed that there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) between the two groups in terms of fish growth performance (daily feeding rate, specific growth rate, weight gain rate, feed coefficient), morphological indicators, serum and liver antioxidant performance indicators (total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde content), and intestinal digestive enzyme activity (α-amylase, lipase, and trypsin); However, compared with the commercial feed group, the levels of serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein in the fish of the experimental group were significantly reduced, while the HDL/LDL ratio was significantly increased (P < 0.05). In terms of muscle quality, there were no significant differences in muscle protein and fat content, as well as amino acid composition (total amino acids, essential amino acids, and flavor amino acids) between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, the experimental feed significantly improved the texture characteristics of the muscle and increased the EPA level in the muscle. Furthermore, compared to the commercial feed, the cost of the experimental feed was reduced by 11.32%, and the aquaculture benefit was increased by 26.35%. 【Conclusion】In summary, for the aquaculture of large-sized Trachinotus ovatus, the high-efficiency low-fishmeal compound feed exhibits similar growth-promoting effects as commercial feed, while also helping to reduce blood lipids, lower aquaculture costs, and improve aquaculture benefits. The above experimental results indicate that the high-efficiency low-fishmeal compound feed can be applied throughout the entire aquaculture cycle of Trachinotus ovatus. |
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