| 魏岚,王泽煌,陈伟盛,等.优化施肥和有机替代技术对菜心生长和土壤肥力的影响[J].广东农业科学,2024,(7-9):- |
| The Effects of Optimal Fertilization and Application of Organic Fertilizer Technology on the Growth and Soil Fertility of Chinese cabbage |
| 投稿时间：2024-05-11 修订日期：2024-11-25 |
| DOI： |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The optimal fertilization and reduction in chemical fertilizers combined with organic fertilizers is a national strategy to achieve environmental friendliness and maintain the quality of cultivated land, which is of great significance for achieving sustainable agricultural development. This experiment explores the effects of optimized fertilization and application of organic fertilizer measures on the physical and chemical properties of vegetable soil, as well as the yield and quality of vegetable hearts in the Jiangmen area of Guangdong Province. The purpose of this study is providing theoretical basis and technical support for balanced and effective fertilization in vegetable fields. 【Methods】We use Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province, one of the vegetable bases in Hong Kong and the Pearl River Delta, as the research base. Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of optimized fertilization and organic substitution on the yield, quality, and soil fertility of Chinese cabbage. The field experiment method was used to study the control(T0)，conventional fertilization (T1), optimized fertilization (T2), optimized fertilization+15% organic fertilizer replacing N (T3), optimized fertilization+30% organic fertilizer replacing N (T4), optimized fertilization+15% carbon based organic fertilizer replacing N (T5), and optimized fertilization+30% carbon based organic fertilizer replacing N (T6). The effects of seven treatments on cabbage yield, leaf nutrient accumulation, cabbage quality, soil nutrients, and physico-chemical properties were measured.【Result】Compared with conventional fertilization, optimized fertilization and organic substitution treatment (T2~T6) had no significant effect on the yield of Chinese cabbage. T2 had the highest yield (28.15 t/hm2), followed by T3 (26.35 t/hm2). In our research, the nutrient content was not affected by organic substitution. The accumulation of dry matter and macroelements had increased compared to T1, with T2 having the highest accumulation of dry matter (by an increase of 12.58%) and T6 having the highest accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium elements, which are 1.19, 1.18, and 1.18 times higher than T1, respectively. However, all treatments increased the Vc and soluble sugar content of cabbage (9.49%~22.63% and 18.96%~126.37%). The agronomic utilization efficiency of all treated fertilizers was higher than that of T1. T2 produced the highest agronomic utilization efficiency (N: 2.77, P: 7.38, K: 3.69), and T6’s agronomic utilization efficiency came second (N: 2.17, P: 5.78，K: 2.89). The pH values of the treatments using organic substitution (T3~T6) were higher than those of single fertilizer application. Among them, the T6 treatment had the largest difference from conventional fertilization (0.62 units), and the soil organic matter content of all treatments was higher than that of conventional fertilization T1 (9.75%~34.31%). 【Conclusion】Compared with traditional fertilization, all treatments did not reduce vegetable yield. Optimizing fertilization (T2) is most beneficial for achieving the highest agronomic efficiency. On the basis of comprehensive consideration of yield increase, cabbage quality improvement, increased benefit and soil property improvement, the optimal fertilization+15% organic substitution combined with reduced fertilization treatment is the best. Therefore, 15% organic N substitution may be the most suitable fertilizer reduction and benefit increase mode for the cost of cabbage in Jiangmen. |
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