| 吴幕绵 1,2，陈舒婷 2
，李 涛 2
，黎振兴 2
，麦培婷 2
，郝彦伟 1
，宫 超 2.青枯菌Ⅲ型效应蛋白调控植物免疫研究进展[J].广东农业科学,2024,51(8):138-150 |
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青枯菌Ⅲ型效应蛋白调控植物免疫研究进展 |
| Research Progress in the Regulation of Plant Immune Mechanisms by Type Ⅲ Effector Proteins in Ralstonia solanacearum |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2024.08.014 |
| 中文关键词: 青枯菌 青枯病 Ⅲ型分泌系统 效应蛋白 靶标蛋白 致病性 免疫反应 |
| 英文关键词: Ralstonia solanacearum bacterial wilt type Ⅲ secretion system effector target protein pathogenicity immune response |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（32372702）；广东省乡村振兴战略专项（2022-NPY-00-025）；广东省农业科学
院科技创新战略专项（高水平农科院建设）（R2023PY-JX008）；广州市科技计划项目（202201010247） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 青枯菌（Ralstonia solanacearum）通常从寄主植物根部侵染维管束系统，引发青枯病（Bacterial
wilt），造成植物产生不可逆的萎蔫、死亡。青枯病是一种毁灭性土传细菌病害，目前已成为制约我国茄科作物生
产的主要病害之一。Ⅲ型分泌系统（Type Ⅲ secretion system, T3SS）在青枯菌侵染寄主过程中发挥重要作用，青枯
菌利用 T3SS 向寄主细胞分泌大量Ⅲ型效应蛋白（Type Ⅲ effectors, T3Es）以干扰寄主的免疫反应。国内外学者致力
于探索青枯菌如何通过识别寄主体内的靶标蛋白来干扰寄主细胞、调控寄主免疫功能。因此，对青枯菌 T3Es 靶向
识别的植物蛋白进行鉴定有助于了解青枯菌 T3Es 的生物学功能、青枯菌的致病过程，同时也有助于挖掘寄主中青
枯病抗性相关蛋白及其作用机制。尽管大多数 T3Es 功能仍然未知，但目前已报道的青枯菌 T3Es 可通过多种分子
机制干扰植物先天免疫、诱导植物发生超敏反应、影响植物代谢和激素信号传导通路等来调节寄主抗青枯病能力。
该文综述青枯菌 T3Es 的特征、功能鉴定方法及其参与调控青枯菌致病性及植物免疫机制的研究进展，并对青枯菌
T3Es 与寄主互作机制研究进行展望，有助于更加深入地了解青枯菌的致病机理及寄主免疫系统的应答机理，为青
枯菌诱导寄主抗性机制的解析及青枯病的防治提供有效参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Ralstonia solanacearum usually infects the vascular bundle system through the roots of host plants, causing
bacterial wilt and leading to irreversible wilting and death of plants. Bacterial wilt is a devastating soil-borne bacterial disease.
At present, it has been one of the main diseases restricting the production of Solanaceae crops in China. Type Ⅲ secretion
system (T3SS) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of R. solanacearum, using T3SS to inject large amounts of Type Ⅲ effectors (T3Es) into host cells to interfere with the immune response of the host. Scholars at home and abroad are committed
to exploring how R. solanacearum interferes with host cells and regulates host immune function by identifying target proteins
in the host. Therefore, the identification of host proteins that can be targeted by T3Es is helpful to understand the biological
function of R. solanacearum T3Es, the pathogenic process of R. solanacearum, and to explore the R. solanacearum resistancerelated proteins and their mechanism of action in hosts. Although most of the functions of T3Es are still unknown, so far, it has
been reported that R. solanacearum T3Es can regulate host resistance to bacterial wilt by interfering with plant innate immunity,
inducing plant hypersensitivity response and affecting plant metabolism and hormone signal transduction through a variety
of molecular mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the current research progress on the characteristics and functional
identification methods of T3Es of R. solanacearum, and its research progress in participating in the regulation of pathogenicity
and plant immunity mechanism of R. solanacearum, which can provide an in-depth understanding of the pathogenic mechanism
of R. solanacearum and the response mechanism of the host immune system. The mechanism of interaction between R.
solanacearum T3Es and the host are prospected, which will provide an effective reference for the analysis of the host resistance
mechanism induced by R. solanacearum and the prevention and control of bacterial wilt. |
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