| 盛周杨,肖更生,张丽娟,等.低氧对果汁模拟体系蓝莓花色苷稳定性的影响及降解机制探究[J].广东农业科学,2024,(11-12):- |
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低氧对果汁模拟体系蓝莓花色苷稳定性的影响及降解机制探究 |
| Investigation of the effects and degradation mechanism of low-oxygen on the stability of blueberry anthocyanins in juice simulation system |
| 投稿时间：2024-08-16 修订日期：2024-10-23 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 低氧 果汁体系 花色苷 金属离子 稳定性 降解产物 |
| 英文关键词: Low-oxygen Juice simulation system Anthocyanin Metal ions Stabiliby Degradation product |
| 基金项目:十四五”广东省农业科技创新十大主攻方向“揭榜挂帅”项目(2024KJ15)；岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室河源分中心自主科研项目(DT20220004)；广东省农业科学院人才培养项目(R2022PY-QY009) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】花色苷是一种天然水溶性色素，在加工及贮藏过程中易氧化降解，本研究旨在探究低氧对果汁模拟体系中花色苷稳定性的影响，以期为提高花色苷在果汁中的稳定性提供理论依据。【方法】以矢车菊素-半乳糖糖苷（Cy-gal）、芍药素-葡萄糖糖苷（Pn-glu）、芍药素-阿拉伯糖糖苷（Pn-ara）、锦葵素-半乳糖糖苷（Ma-gal）4种蓝莓单体花色苷作为研究对象，配制柠檬酸缓冲盐溶液模拟体系（pH=3.0，接近于蓝莓汁体系），研究充氮（低氧组）和不充氮（常规组）对果汁模拟体系在37℃贮藏过程中花色苷的变化规律，并比较低氧和常规条件下不同的金属离子、抗坏血酸和酚酸对花色苷的影响,最后使用高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱串联分析检测花色苷的降解产物。【结果】在模拟体系贮藏过程中，4种花色苷含量均不断下降。贮藏至40 d，常规组Cy-gal、Ma-gal、Pn-ara、Pn-glu的损失率分别为72.28%、58.76%、47.73%、59.54%，而低氧组的损失率分别为66.44%、47.85%、44.09%、52.72%，明显低于常规组。此外，低氧还能减轻Zn2+与抗坏血酸对花色苷的破坏作用。对低氧和常规条件下花色苷的降解产物进行对比分析，结果发现芍药素在常规条件下的降解产物主要是槲皮素和香草酸，在低氧环境下的降解产物主要是香草酸和香豆素类衍生物，矢车菊素在常规和低氧条件下的降解产物均为原儿茶酸。【结论】低氧对果汁模拟体系中的4种花色苷均具有保护效果，并能减轻金属离子和抗坏血酸对花色苷的破坏，其机理可能与花色苷降解途径改变有关。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Anthocyanins are a class of natural water-soluble pigment, which is easy to be oxidized and degraded during processing and storage. The study aims to investigate the effect of low-oxygen conditions on the stability of anthocyanin in the simulated system of fruit juice, in hopes of providing a theoretical basis for improving the stability of anthocyanin in fruit juice.【Method】Four individual anthocyanins of blueberries (Cy-gal: cornflowerin-galactoside, Pn-glu: paeoniflorin-glucoside, Pn-ara: paeoniflorin-arabinose glycoside, Ma-gal: mallowin-galactoside) were adopted as research objects, and a citric acid buffer saline solution simulation system (pH=3.0, close to the blueberry juice system) was prepared to study the changes of anthocyanins in the juice simulation system during storage at 37℃ under nitrogen-inflated (low oxygen group) and non-nitrogen-inflated (conventional group) conditions. The effects of different metal ions, ascorbic acid, and phenolic acids under low oxygen and conventional conditions on anthocyanins were compared. Finally, high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry tandem analysis was used to detect the degradation products of anthocyanins.【Result】During the storage of simulated system, the content of all four anthocyanosides decreased continuously. After 40 d of storage, the loss rates of Cy-gal, Ma-gal, Pn-ara, and Pn-glu in conventional group were 72.28%, 58.76%, 47.73%, and 59.54%, respectively, while the loss rates of low-oxygen group decreased to 66.44%, 47.85%, 44.09%, and 52.72%, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the conventional group. In addition, low-oxygen conditions reduced the destructive effects of Zn2+ and ascorbic acid on anthocyanin. Comparative analysis revealed that the degradation products of paeoniflorin under conventional conditions were mainly quercetin and vanillic acid, whereas the major degradation products of paeoniflorin in low-oxygen environment were vanillic acid and coumarin derivatives, and the degradation products of cornflowerin were protocatechuic acid regardless of oxygen conditions.【Conclusion】Low oxygen conditions have a protective effect on four anthocyanins in the juice simulation system, and can alleviate the damage of metal ions and ascorbic acid to anthocyanins. The mechanism may be related to the change in the degradation pathway of anthocyanins. |
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