| 曹燕好,薄晓龙,刘洪李,等.阿卡波糖对大口黑鲈( Micropterus salmoides )高碳水化合物日粮性肝损伤的影响[J].广东农业科学,2024,(12-2502):- |
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阿卡波糖对大口黑鲈( Micropterus salmoides )高碳水化合物日粮性肝损伤的影响 |
| Effect of High Starch Diet on Liver of Largemouth Bass ( Micropterus salmoides ) and Screening of Therapeutic Agents |
| 投稿时间：2024-08-27 修订日期：2024-10-27 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 阿卡波糖 大口黑鲈 高碳水化合物日粮 肝损伤 药物筛选 细胞凋亡 细胞增殖 |
| 英文关键词: acarbose Micropterus salmoides high starch diet liver damage drug screening cell apoptosis cell proliferation |
| 基金项目:四川省国际科技创新合作/港澳台科技创新合作项目（2024YFHZ0346）；四川省大学生创新训练计划(S202210626086 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】探明阿卡波糖对大口黑鲈高碳水化合物日粮性肝损伤的影响及初筛相似功能治疗药物。【方法】以初始体重为（7.25 ± 1.67）g的大口黑鲈为研究对象，设置正常碳水化合物水平组（1.3%，对照组）和高碳水化合物水平组（22.0%，高碳水化合物组），诱导高碳水化合物日粮性肝损伤，然后进行阿卡波糖治疗试验，利用大体病理学、组织病理学、酶学和流式细胞术探究阿卡波糖对高碳水化合物日粮性肝损伤的治疗效果及相关机制。此外，模拟阿卡波糖的控糖原理筛选6种候选中草药，初步分析对高碳水化合物日粮性肝损伤的治疗效果。【结果】持续投喂高碳水化合物 45 d可致大口黑鲈肝脏肿大，颜色发白，肝体比显著增加（P<0.05）。阿卡波糖治疗 15 d 后，相比于高碳水组，血糖含量降低了 1.77 mol/L，ALT 和 AST 活性分别降低至 42.0 U/L 和 157.67 U/L，而ALKP 活性有所上升，有恢复到正常值的趋势，并有效减缓肝细胞空泡化，降低肝糖原积累。流式细胞术结果显示，三者中高碳水组肝细胞总凋亡率最高为 4.64%，阿卡波糖组显著下降至 1.24% （P< 0.05）。此外，与对照组相比，高碳水组大口黑鲈肝组织 ROS 含量上升至 30.94%，而阿卡波糖治疗 15 d 后，降低至 22.35%，有恢复至正常水平的趋势。6种中草药治疗 15 d 后，均可维护肝脏形态，降低肝体比，但无统计学差异（P＞0.05），其中肉桂治疗效果更为明显，以 3.35% 达到最低肝体比。【结论】阿卡波糖能有效缓解高碳水化合物日粮导致的大口黑鲈肝脏肿大，降低肝体比，缓解肝细胞凋亡和空泡化，降低肝糖原积累，减轻机体氧化应激损伤，进而保护大口黑鲈的健康。6种中药中肉桂治疗效果更佳，具有阿卡波糖类似作用，可作为大口黑鲈高碳水化合物日粮性肝损伤的候选中草药进行下一步开发利用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】To investigate the effect of acarbose on high-carbohydrate dietary liver injury in largemouth bass and to detect similar functional therapeutic drugs in the initial screening.【Method】This study focused on largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) with an initial body weight of (7.25 ± 1.67) g. Firstly, a normal carbohydrate level group (1.3%, control group) and a high carbohydrate level group (22.0%, high carbohydrate group) were set up to induce high carbohydrate diet induced liver injury. Then, acarbose treatment experiments were conducted to explore the therapeutic effect and related mechanisms of acarbose on high carbohydrate diet induced liver injury using gross pathology, histopathology, enzymology, and flow cytometry. In addition, six candidate Chinese herbal medicines were screened by simulating the sugar control principle of acarbose, and their therapeutic effects on high carbohydrate diet induced liver injury were preliminarily analyzed.【Result】Continuous feeding of high carbohydrates for 45 days can cause liver enlargement, whitening, and a significant increase in liver to body ratio in largemouth black bass (P<0.05). After 15 days of treatment with acarbose, compared to the high carbon water group, blood glucose levels decreased by 1.77 mol/L, ALT and AST activities decreased to 42.0 U/L and 157.67 U/L, respectively, while ALKP activity increased and showed a trend of returning to normal values, effectively slowing down hepatocyte vacuolization and reducing hepatic glycogen accumulation. The results of flow cytometry showed that the total apoptosis rate of liver cells in the high carbon water group was the highest at 4.64% among the three, while the acarbose group significantly decreased to 1.24% (P<0.05). In addition, compared with the control group, the ROS content in the liver tissue of largemouth bass in the high carbon water group increased to 30.94%, while after 15 days of treatment with acarbose, it decreased to 22.35%, showing a trend of returning to normal levels. After 15 days of treatment with 6 types of Chinese herbal medicine, the liver morphology was maintained and the liver to body ratio was reduced, but there was no statistical difference (P>0.05). Among them, cinnamon treatment had a more significant effect, reaching the lowest liver to body ratio at 3.35%.【Conclusion】Acarbose can effectively alleviate liver enlargement in largemouth bass caused by high carbohydrate diets, reduce liver to body ratio, alleviate liver cell apoptosis and vacuolization, reduce liver glycogen accumulation, alleviate oxidative stress damage in the body, and thus protect the health of largemouth bass. Among the six traditional Chinese medicines, cinnamon has a better therapeutic effect and has a similar effect to acarbose. It can be used as a candidate herbal medicine for the development and utilization of high carbohydrate diet induced liver injury in largemouth bass. |
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