| 李晶晶,康奎,亓文轩,等.不同生物源农药及与金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421混配对茶小绿叶蝉的防效评价[J].广东农业科学,2024,(10-11):- |
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不同生物源农药及与金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421混配对茶小绿叶蝉的防效评价 |
| Evaluation of control effect of different biogenic pesticides and mixed with Metarhizium anisopliae CQMa421 on Empoasca onukii Matsuda |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-05 修订日期：2024-11-11 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 茶小绿叶蝉 金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421 生物源农药 艾绿士 印楝素 藜芦碱 |
| 英文关键词: Empoasca onukii Metarhizium anisopliae CQMa421 biogenic pesticide spinetoram azadirachtin veratridine |
| 基金项目:贵州省科技支撑计划（黔科合[2021]一般194号）；贵州省教育厅自然科学研究项目（黔教技[2024]205号）；遵义师范学院博士启动基金（遵师BS[2024]01号） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】通过研究不同生物源农药对茶小绿叶蝉（Empoasca onukii Matsuda）的田间防效，为茶园合理化用药提供依据。【方法】利用黄色粘虫板调查茶小绿叶蝉的动态发生基础上，对生物源农药艾绿士、印楝素和藜芦碱及其分别与金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421混合使用（500倍液）对茶小绿叶蝉的田间防效进行评价。【结果】2021年3—9月（采茶期间）遵义地区茶园茶小绿叶蝉发生7代，世代交替严重。茶小绿叶蝉发生量在6月下旬达到高峰、为899头。温度的升高有助于发生初期茶小绿叶蝉的繁殖，发生量随着温度的上升逐渐增加直达高峰期。单独使用金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421防治茶小绿叶蝉时，防效在药后7 d达到最高、为63.22%。单独使用艾绿士、印楝素和藜芦碱防治茶小绿叶蝉时，药后3 d均达到其最高防效，分别为90.14%、62.82%和61.04%。艾绿士、印楝素和藜芦碱分别与金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421混合使用防治茶小绿叶蝉的效果均优于单独使用金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421的效果，药后3 d的防效分别为87.12%、71.41%和72.86%。经计算，每333 m2测试茶园施用不同组合药物所需要的经济成本由低到高分别为艾绿士（20元）、藜芦碱（22元）、印楝素（24元）、艾绿士+金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421（35元）、藜芦碱+金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421（36元）、印楝素+金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421（37元）和金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421（50元）。【结论】比较单独使用生物源农药防治茶小绿叶蝉的效果：艾绿士>金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421>印楝素>藜芦碱；比较混合使用生物源农药和金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421防治茶小绿叶蝉的效果：艾绿士>藜芦碱>印楝素。在茶园实际用药时，首选推荐使用艾绿士，因其作用速度快、效果好、作用持久和经济成本低，而且是金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421防治茶小绿叶蝉良好的增效剂。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】 To provide a rational basis for the application of pesticides in tea gardens, by investigating the field control efficacy of different biogenic pesticides on the tea green leafhopper (Empoasca onukii Matsuda). 【Method】 Based on the investigation of the dynamic occurrence of E. onukii using yellow sticky traps in Zunyi of Guizhou Province, the field control effects of biogenic pesticides spinetoram, azadirachtin and veratrine and their mixture with Metarhizium anisopliae CQMa421 (500-fold dilution) were studied. 【Result】 The results showed that E. onukii occurred in seven generations in the Zunyi area from March to September 2021 (during the tea-picking period) , with severe alternation between generations. And the number of E. onukii reached its peak of 899 in late June. The rise in temperature facilitates the initial reproduction of E. onukii, with the population gradually increasing with the temperature until it reached its peak period. The highest control efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae CQMa421 alone against E. onukii was 63.22% and was achieved 7 d after application. The highest control efficacy of spinetoram, azadirachtin and veratridine alone against E. onukii was achieved 3 days after application and was 90.14%, 62.82%, and 61.04% respectively. The control efficacy of spinetoram, azadirachtin and veratridine in combination with M. anisopliae CQMa421 was higher than using CQMa421 alone, with control efficacy at 3 days post-application being 87.12%, 71.41%, and 72.86% respectively. The economic cost required for applying different combinations of Pesticides in a 333 m2 test tea garden, from lowest to highest, was as follows: spinetoram (20 yuan), veratrine (22 yuan), azadirachtin (24 yuan), spinetoram + CQMa421 (35 yuan), veratrine + CQMa421 (36 yuan), azadirachtin + CQMa421 (37 yuan), and CQMa421 alone (50 yuan). 【Conclusion】 Comparing the efficacy of bio-pesticides used alone against E. onukii: spinetoram > M. anisopliae CQMa421 > azadirachtin > veratrine; comparing the efficacy of the combined use of bio-pesticides with M. anisopliae CQMa421 against E. onukii: spinetoram > veratrine > azadirachtin. In the actual use of medicine in tea garden, spinetoram is recommended because of its fast effect, good effect, long-lasting control effect and low economic cost, and it is an excellent synergist of M. anisopliae CQMa421 to control E. onukii. |
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