| 田润泽,王偲如,向月,等.2株枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）CHFA、CHFB对大豆孢囊线虫的防治效果[J].广东农业科学,2025,(2-3):- |
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2株枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）CHFA、CHFB对大豆孢囊线虫的防治效果 |
| The efficacy of two Bacillus subtilis strains CHFA and CHFB against soybean cyst nematode |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-27 修订日期：2024-11-27 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 大豆 大豆孢囊线虫 生物防治 芽孢杆菌 发酵滤液 包衣剂 杀线活性 |
| 英文关键词: Soybean Soybean cyst nematode Biocontrol Bacillus species Fermentation broth filtrate Coating agent Nematicidal activity |
| 基金项目:中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA28070304)；吉林省与中国科学院科技合作高新技术产业化专项(2024SYHZ0051);长春市市院科技创新合作专项（23SH16） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】大豆孢囊线虫（Heterodera glycines, SCN）是一种重要的植物寄生线虫，严重侵害大豆（Glycine max）（Glycine max (L.) Merrill）安全生产。为探寻能够防治SCN的优质生防菌资源，本研究在室内和田间对2株枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）CHFA及CHFB进行杀线活性测定和防治效果评估。【方法】利用体外试验测定2株芽孢杆菌CHFA及CHFB不同浓度（1倍、5倍、10倍）发酵滤液对卵孵化和二龄幼虫（J2）死亡率的影响；通过室内盆栽试验分析CHFA及CHFB发酵液对SCN侵染、发育及繁殖率的影响；通过田间试验分析CHFA及CHFB菌剂包衣处理后对大庆和黑河SCN病圃土壤中孢囊的抑制效果及大豆产量等指标的影响。【结果】2种枯草芽孢杆菌发酵滤液均有杀线虫活性，1倍CHFA和CHFB发酵滤液处理J2幼虫24h后，校正死亡率分别可达到56.94%和61.40%，卵孵化抑制率可达到75.67%和82.30%。盆栽试验结果表明，2种菌株发酵液均能够显著抑制SCN对大豆根的侵染以及降低孢囊数和卵量（P<0.05）；其中，CHFA和CHFB对线虫侵染的抑制率最高为45.51%和56.70%，孢囊抑制率为40.83%和49.58%，卵抑制率为45.16%和43.92%，并且2种菌株发酵液对大豆植株有一定的促生作用。田间试验结果表明，在黑河试验田CHFA和CHFB菌剂包衣处理后对孢囊的防治效果达到43.87%和56.78%，在大庆试验田的防治效果达到58.04%和55.85%，并对大豆的产量性状均有一定程度的提升。【结论】2株芽孢杆菌菌株CHFA及CHFB在室内盆栽试验和田间试验均对SCN有良好的防治效果，并能促进大豆生长，可为进一步开发生防菌剂提供理论支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, is one of the most economically important plant-parasitic nematodes. This pest poses a severe threat to soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) production. To explore the promising biocontrol bacterial resources for managing SCN, we conducted a series of laboratory and field studies to assess the nematicidal property and biocontrol efficiency of two Bacillus subtilis strains, CHFA and CHFB. 【Method】In vitro assays were performed to determine the effects of different concentrations of fermentation filtrates from CHFA and CHFB on SCN egg hatching and second-stage juvenile (J2) mortality rates. Pot experiments were used to analyze the impact of these filtrates on SCN infection, development and reproduction. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the suppressive effects of soybean seeds coated with CHFA or CHFB on cyst density in Daqing and Heihe SCN-infested fields, and their impact on soybean growth and yield. 【Result】Our findings revealed that the fermentation filtrates of CHFA and CHFB exhibit nematicidal activity, with 56.94% and 61.40% corrected J2 mortality rates after incubation with 1× concentration of filtrates for 24 hours, respectively. 1× CHFA and CHFB filtrates also inhibited egg hatch by 75.67% and 82.30%, respectively. Pot experiments showed that the filtrates from two strains significantly reduced SCN infection and decreased the number of cysts and eggs on soybean roots (P<0.05). Application of CHFA and CHFB caused the highest inhibition rates of 45.51% and 56.70% against nematode infestation, respectively. The reduction rates for cyst number were 40.83% and 49.58%, while the inhibition rates for eggs reproduction were 45.16% and 43.92%. Furthermore, CHFA and CHFB displayed the growth promoting potential on soybean plants. In Heihe field experiment, seed coating with CHFA and CHFB exhibited the control effects on the cyst density of SCN, with reduction rate of 43.87% and 56.78%, respectively. In Daqing test field, the control efficacy of CHFA and CHFB against SCN reached 58.04% and 55.85%. Additionally, CHFA and CHFB treatments also resulted in an improvement in soybean growth under field conditions. 【Conclusion】These results demonstrated that the two Bacillus subtilis strains, CHFA and CHFB had both soybean growth promoting potential and the control efficiency against SCN in pot and field experiments. Hence, the present study provided valuable information to optimize the use of CHFA and CHFB as biological agents for controlling plant nematodes. |
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