| 周鹏,汪捷,张新平,等.前茬氮肥施用对下季作物产量及氮素利用效率的影响[J].广东农业科学,2025,(4-6):- |
| Effects of previous nitrogen fertilizer application on crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency in the next season |
| 投稿时间：2024-11-03 修订日期：2025-01-20 |
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| Abstract: |
| Abstract :【Objective】The effects of different nitrogen fertilizer application seasons on the annual yield formation of crops in the wheat-maize rotation system were discussed to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the annual fertilization strategy of the wheat-maize rotation system.【Method】Four treatments were set up in this experiment : long-term no fertilization ( T1 ), wheat season fertilization area ( T2 ), maize season fertilization area ( T3 ) and whole season fertilization area ( T4 ). The amount of fertilizer applied in each season was N 150 kg/hm2，P2O5 150 kg/hm2，K2O 37.5 kg/hm2, and each treatment area was 64 m2. The effect of single season fertilization was analyzed by measuring the effect of different fertilization treatments on the next crop and annual yield.【Result】T2 treatment obtained higher winter wheat yield, and its annual yield increased by 11 % compared with T3. In the maize season, there was no significant difference in dry matter accumulation between T2 and T3 treatments, but in the wheat season, the dry matter accumulation of T2 treatment was 15 % higher than that of T3. At VT and R3 stages of maize season, the leaf area index of T2 treatment was 3 % lower than that of T3 treatment, and the SPAD value of functional leaves was 6 % and 5 % lower than that of T3 treatment, respectively. At the same time, the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of T3 treatment were significantly higher than those of T2 at V12 stage, while the difference between the two was only 4.4 % at R3 stage. Although T2 and T3 had no significant effect on the nitrogen accumulation of subsequent crops, the nitrogen partial factor productivity, agronomic efficiency and physiological benefit of T2 treatment were 15 %, 49 % and 50 % higher than those of T3, respectively, and the annual nitrogen recovery rate was higher.【Conclusion】In the winter wheat-summer maize rotation system, wheat season fertilization can maximize the residual effect of nitrogen fertilizer, provide better soil nitrogen conditions for the next crop, reduce the nitrogen fertilizer input of the next crop, and significantly improve the annual nitrogen utilization rate. This provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the annual nitrogen fertilization strategy of wheat-maize rotation system. |
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