| 刘悦,江立群,吕树伟,等.普通野生稻和亚洲栽培稻种质资源中Hsp101基因的遗传变异分析[J].广东农业科学,2024,(11):- |
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普通野生稻和亚洲栽培稻种质资源中Hsp101基因的遗传变异分析 |
| Genetic variation analysis of Hsp101 gene in common wild rice and Asian cultivated rice germplasm resources |
| 投稿时间：2024-11-06 修订日期：2024-12-02 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 水稻 亚洲栽培稻 普通野生稻 Hsp101基因 种质资源 遗传多样性 |
| 英文关键词: Rice Asian cultivated rice Common wild rice Hsp101 gene Germplasm Genetic diversity |
| 基金项目:广东省基础与应用基础研究(2022A1515011741)、广州市科技计划项目(2023A04J0144)、广东省农业科学院科技人才引进专项资金项目(R2021YJYB3017)。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】Hsp101基因是调控水稻耐热性的关键基因，然而其在大批量水稻种质资源中的遗传变异和演化模式所知有限。本研究旨在分析Hsp101基因在普通野生稻和亚洲栽培稻中的遗传变异，为发掘优良的耐热基因资源打下基础。【方法】本研究利用在检索和整理得到的3325份水稻种质资源基因组测序数据，使用基因重测序分析流程得到单核苷酸多态性（SNP）和小片段插入缺失（InDel）变异，利用遗传变异开展Hsp101基因的遗传多样性和基因变异单倍型分析。【结果】基于基因组重测序分析得到的高质量遗传变异数据，在Hsp101基因区间内检测到471个遗传突变位点，其中能改变氨基酸编码的非同义变异位点有94个，遗传多样性和群体间分化指数分析表明栽培稻中的遗传多样性明显降低，普通野生稻与籼稻和粳稻分化明显。单倍型分析共发现8种主要单倍型，普通野生稻含有除Hap6外的7种单倍型，籼稻单倍型以Hap1为主，粳稻单倍型以Hap2为主。进一步对单倍型进行网络分析和系统发育分析，发现野生稻单倍型Hap8可能是Hsp101基因最古老的等位基因。最后，对3个籼粳间的遗传变异进行了PCR扩增测序的验证。【结论】本研究发掘鉴定了Hsp101基因上的94个非同义变异以及8种主要的基因变异单倍型。遗传多样性和系统发育分析发现Hsp101基因的栽培稻单倍型均由野生稻单倍型演化而来，籼稻与野生稻的分化程度比粳稻和野生稻的分化程度更低，籼稻的遗传分化时间比粳稻早，籼稻和粳稻在Hsp101基因位点的遗传差异可能与所处环境的自然温度胁迫相关。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The Hsp101 gene is a key gene that regulating rice heat tolerance, but limited knowledge is available about its genetic variation and evolutionary patterns in the large collection of rice germplasm resources. This study aims to investigate the genetic variation of the Hsp101 gene in common wild rice and Asian cultivated rice, as well as explore gene resources with excellent heat tolerance.【Method】A total of 3325 genome sequencing data for rice germplasm which obtained from public database were retrieved, and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and small fragment insertion and deletion (InDel) variations were revealed using genome resequencing data analysis. Genetic diversity and gene variation haplotype analysis of the Hsp101 gene were conducted base on those genetic variations.【Result】A total of 471 genetic mutations were identified in the region of the Hsp101 gene, among which 94 mutations resulted in amino acid coding changes. Results from genetic diversity analysis revealed significant differentiation between common wild rice and Xian/Geng rice varieties, and the genetic diversity for cultivated rice was lower than wild rice. Eight major haplotypes were identified through haplotype analysis, with Hap1 being predominant in indica rice and Hap2 being predominant in japonica rice, except for Hap6. Further analyses including haplotype network analysis and phylogenetic analysis indicated that Hap8 represents the oldest allele of the Hsp101 gene. A total of three Xian or Geng rice specific variations were validated by using PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing. 【Conclusion】This study identified 94 non-synonymous variants and 8 major genetic variation haplotypes in the Hsp101 gene. Genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis at the locus of the Hsp101 gene were conducted, which revealed that haplotypes of cultivated rice have evolved from those found in wild rice, and a lower degree of differentiation observed between Xian and wild rice compared to Geng varieties. The genetic divergence at the Hsp101 locus between Xian and Geng may be associated with their respective ecological environments and natural heat stress. |
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