| 吴大放,王泉焱,贾帅帅.经济统计视野下的大食物观理论渊源、现实背景与应对展望[J].广东农业科学,2025,(2-3):- |
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经济统计视野下的大食物观理论渊源、现实背景与应对展望 |
| Theoretical Origins, Realistic Background, and Prospects for Addressing Challenges of the "Big Food Concept" in the Perspective of Economic Statistics |
| 投稿时间：2024-11-14 修订日期：2025-01-26 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 大食物观 粮食安全 经济统计 粮食消费结构 食物生产规模 海上牧场 |
| 英文关键词: Big food concept Food security Economic statistics Food consumption structure Food production scale Marine ranching |
| 基金项目:国家哲学社会科学基金一般项目:《基于大食物观的中国食物保障能力评估与压力测试研究》(批准号:24BTJ045)；国家哲学社会科学基金重大项目:中国粮食安全的统计监测、预警与对策研究(23 ZD119)；广东省哲学社会科学:《广东省海洋经济高质量发展监测评估与优化路径研究》(批准号:GD24XYJ24)； |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】在我国粮食安全形势发生根本性逆转之际,居民食物消费结构、粮食消费结构等都发生了根本变化,传统窄口径的粮食安全观念已经不适应管理需要,贯彻大食物观是更好应对粮食安全挑战的可行性方案。本文基于经济统计视野梳理大食物观的理论渊源与现实背景,为贯彻大食物观有效应对粮食安全调整探索可行方案。【方法】从理论与政策两方面梳理大食物观理论渊源,基于农业及相关产业统计以及居民消费支出调查的食物统计,基于农业、畜牧业、渔业分别开展食物生产规模统计与变动趋势分析,基于食物供给平衡表开展主粮供求变动趋势分析【结果】研究发现,我国农业生产结构发生了显著变化,粮食生产在三大类农产品中所占比例有所下降；粮食在居民食物消费结构中的比重下降,畜牧业与渔业生产快速发展,饲料粮消费占比提升,饲料粮供应安全成为维护我国粮食安全的主要矛盾；我国大豆供应严重依靠进口,对畜牧业与渔业健康发展形成潜在威胁,对粮食安全形成了较大风险【结论】积极贯彻大食物观是有效应对当前粮食安全挑战的有效方案；可以通过秸秆养畜、发展牧草产业、发展林下经济种植饲草和养殖禽畜、建设海上牧场和发展海洋渔业等方式降低饲料粮需求；可以通过积极发展设施农业、发展生物农业和发展食用菌产业等方式,构建多元化食物供给体系,多渠道满足居民食物消费需求和营养保障需求。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】In the context of a fundamental shift in China"s food security situation, with significant changes in residents" food consumption patterns and the structure of grain consumption, the traditional narrow concept of food security no longer meets management needs. The implementation of the "Big Food Concept" offers a viable solution to better address the challenges of food security. This paper, from an economic and statistical perspective, explores the theoretical origins and real-world context of the Big Food Concept and suggests feasible solutions for its implementation in addressing food security adjustments.【Method】The paper reviews the theoretical origins of the Big Food Concept from both theoretical and policy perspectives. It conducts food production scale and trend analysis based on agricultural and related industry statistics, as well as food consumption statistics derived from household expenditure surveys. The analysis is divided into agriculture, animal husbandry, and fisheries, and a trend analysis of the supply-demand balance of staple foods is carried out based on the food supply and demand balance sheet.【Result】The study finds that there have been significant changes in the structure of China"s agricultural production, with a decreasing proportion of grain in the total agricultural output. The share of grain in residents" food consumption has also declined, while the production of animal husbandry and fisheries has developed rapidly. The consumption of feed grain has increased, and ensuring the security of feed grain supply has become the primary issue in maintaining food security in China. Additionally, China"s severe reliance on imported soybeans poses a potential threat to the healthy development of animal husbandry and fisheries, and creates a significant risk to overall food security.【Conclusion】Actively implementing the Big Food Concept is an effective strategy for addressing the current food security challenges. Solutions to reduce feed grain demand include using straw for animal feed, developing the forage industry, expanding forest-based economy for growing fodder and raising livestock, building marine ranching, and developing marine fisheries. Furthermore, enhancing the development of facility agriculture, bio-agriculture, and edible fungi industries can help create a diversified food supply system, satisfying the food consumption and nutritional needs of the population through multiple channels. |
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