| 苏美珍,李彩娟,欧阳贤华,等.59种中药对大口黑鲈病原菌的体外抑菌作用[J].广东农业科学,2025,(4-5):- |
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59种中药对大口黑鲈病原菌的体外抑菌作用 |
| Antibacterial Effects of 59 Chinese Herbal Medicines (CHMs) against Pathogens of Micropterus salmoides in vitro |
| 投稿时间：2025-02-19 修订日期：2025-03-26 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 中草药 大口黑鲈 嗜水气单胞菌 迟缓爱德华氏菌 体外抑菌 |
| 英文关键词: Chinese herbal medicine Micropterus salmoides Aeromonas hydrophila Edwardsiella tarda antibacterial in vitro |
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| 摘要点击次数: 32 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【【目的】探究59种中药及其复方对大口黑鲈（Micropterus salmoides）病原菌的体外抑菌作用，筛选高效抑菌效果的中药，为大口黑鲈养殖中的病害防治提供科学依据。【方法】采用琼脂平板扩散法及牛津杯打孔法初步筛选具有抑菌效果中药，并使用二倍稀释法测定单方及二联中药对大口黑鲈病原菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）和最小杀菌浓度（MBC），以筛选具有较好抑菌效果的单方及复方中药。【结果】筛选出五倍子、苏木、黄芩等8种中药对嗜水气单胞菌和迟缓爱德华氏菌最敏感。其中五倍子对迟缓爱德华氏菌的抑菌能力最强，其MIC为3.91 mg/mL，MBC为7.81 mg/mL；五倍子、丁香、苏木及黄芩对嗜水单胞菌的抑菌能力最强，其MIC和MBC均分别为7.81 mg/mL、15.63 mg/mL。苏木+五倍子、丁香+诃子对嗜水气单胞菌抑菌效果最强，其MIC和MBC均为3.91mg/mL；苏木+五倍子、丁香+黄芩及苏木+诃子对迟缓爱德华氏菌的抑菌能力最强，其MIC和MBC均为3.91mg/mL。苏木+五倍子、丁香+诃子、苏木+诃子等对嗜水气单胞菌表现为相加作用，苏木+诃子、丁香+诃子、丁香+黄芩等对迟缓爱德华氏菌表现为相加作用。【结论】五倍子、苏木、黄芩、诃子、石榴皮、丁香、地榆以及地锦草（班地锦）8种单方中药对嗜水气单胞菌和迟缓爱德华氏菌体外抑菌作用最强；苏木+五倍子、丁香+诃子对嗜水气单胞菌的抑菌效果最强，且FICI表现为相加作用；苏木+五倍子、丁香+黄芩及苏木+诃子对迟缓爱德华氏菌具有极强抑菌作用，丁香+黄芩、苏木+诃子FICI表现为相加作用；丁香+五倍子、五倍子+黄连对上述两株菌FICI表现拮抗作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract:[Objective] To investigate the in vitro inhibitory effects of 59 traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and their combinations on the pathogenic bacteria of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), and to provide a scientific basis for disease prevention and control in largemouth bass culture.[Methods]The agar plate diffusion method and Oxford cup perforation method were used to preliminarily screen the CHMs with bacteriostatic effect, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the one and two component CHMs against the pathogenic bacteria of largemouth bass were determined by the twofold dilution method in order to screen the one and two component CHMs with better bacteriostatic effect.[Results] Eight CHMs, including Gallnut, Caesalpinia sappan, and Scutellaria baicalensis, were screened out as the most sensitive to A.hydrophila and E. tarda. Among the tested plants, Gallnut exhibited the strongest inhibitory effects against E. tarda, with an MIC of 3.91 mg/mL and an MBC of 7.81 mg/mL. Similarly, Gallnut, Syzygium aromaticum, Caesalpinia sappan, and Scutellaria baicalensis demonstrated the most significant inhibitory activity against A.hydrophila, with both MIC and MBC values of 7.81 mg/mL and 15.63 mg/mL, respectively.The strongest inhibitory effect on A.hydrophila was observed in Caesalpinia sappan + Galla Chinensis and Syzygium aromaticum + Terminalia chebula, with MIC and MBC of 3.91mg/mL.The strongest inhibitory effect on E. tarda was observed in Caesalpinia sappan + Galla Chinensis, Syzygium aromaticum + Scutellaria baicalensis, and Caesalpinia sappan + Terminalia chebula, with MIC and MBC of 3.91 mg/mL.Caesalpinia sappan + Galla Chinensis, Syzygium aromaticum + Terminalia chebula, and Caesalpinia sappan + Terminalia chebula showed additive effects against A. hydrophila, andCaesalpinia sappan + Terminalia chebula, Syzygium aromaticum + Terminalia chebula, and Syzygium aromaticum + Scutellaria baicalensis showed additive effects against E.tarda.[Conclusion]The strongest in vitro bacteriostatic effects against A.hydrophila and E.tarda were observed in eight single-formula traditional Chinese medicines:Galla Chinensis,?Caesalpinia sappan,?Scutellaria baicalensis,?Terminalia chebula,?Granati Pericarpium,?Syzygium aromaticum,?Sanguisorba officinalis, and?Euphorbia humifusa.Caesalpinia sappan?+?Galla Chinensis?and?Syzygium aromaticum?+?Terminalia chebula showed the strongest inhibitory effect against A.hydrophila, and FICI showed an additive effect.Caesalpinia sappan?+?Galla Chinensis,?Syzygium aromaticum?+?Scutellaria baicalensis, and?Caesalpinia sappan?+?Terminalia chebula showed very strong inhibitory effect against E.tarda. Syzygium aromaticum?+?Scutellaria baicalensis, and?Caesalpinia sappan?+?Terminalia chebula FICI showed additive effect;Syzygium aromaticum?+?Galla Chinensis?and?Galla Chinensis?+?Coptis chinensis showed antagonistic effect on the above two strains of Bacterial FICI. |
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