香蕉枯萎病菌遗传多态性及其致病力分化

刘文波; 孙亮; 万三连; 王慕瑾; 张宇; 邬国良; 缪卫国; 郑服丛

文章摘要

刘文波，孙亮，万三连，王慕瑾，张宇，邬国良，缪卫国，郑服丛.香蕉枯萎病菌遗传多态性及其致病力分化[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(17):71-78

查看全文 HTML 香蕉枯萎病菌遗传多态性及其致病力分化

Polymorphism analysis of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense and its pathogenicity differentiation in China

DOI：

中文关键词: 香蕉枯萎病菌生理小种遗传多态性 APD 聚类分析

英文关键词: Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubene Race Genetic polymorphism RAPD Cluster analysis

基金项目:

作者	单位
刘文波，孙亮，万三连，王慕瑾，张宇，邬国良，缪卫国，郑服丛	海南省热带生物资源可持续利用重点实验室/海南大学环境与植物保护学院，海南海口57022

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中文摘要:

为了明确我国香蕉主要种植区香蕉枯萎病菌（Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense，FOC）的致病力及其遗传多态性，本研究采用对寄主鉴定和RAPD技术分析来自海南、广西、广东、福建、云南的FOC 生理小种、致病力分化及遗传多态性。结合巴西蕉和粉蕉鉴定与RAPD技术，与香蕉枯萎病菌1号（FOC1）和4 号生理小种（FOC4）对比，55 个FOC 菌株中，有28 个菌株属于1 号生理小种、海南10 个、广西8 个、广东4 个、福建4 个、云南2 个；27 个菌株属于4 号生理小种，海南20 个、广西4 个、广东1 个、福建1 个、云南1 个。强致病力菌株有23 个菌株，中致病力菌株有15 个，弱致病力菌株有17 个；通过遗传多态性分析，9 条引物PCR扩增供试菌株，共扩增出136 条谱带，其中多态性的条带有126 条，多态性位点频率为93.4%，在遗传阈值为0.68 时，55 个供试菌株与FOC1 和FOC4划分为4 个RAPD 菌群，除1 号生理小种BF26 菌株单独形成郁菌群外，4 号生理小种和其余1 号生理小种均未单独形成菌群，Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ群同时含有1号和4号生理小种。因此，我国香蕉种植区香蕉枯萎病菌仍以1号和4 号生理小种为主，但是生理小种的遗传分化在分子水平上趋于复杂化，香蕉枯萎病菌群体具有丰富的多态性，其致病力的强弱和菌株遗传关系无直接的相关性，跟地理分布也没有相关性，香蕉枯萎病菌的遗传多态性可能更多依赖其寄主。这些结果为香蕉的抗病育种、品种的合理布局以及香蕉枯萎病的综合防治提供理论依据。

英文摘要:

In order to charify the pathogenicity and genetic polymorphisms of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubene (FOC),which caused banana fusarium wilt, in the main banana growing areas of China, the race type,pathogenicity differentiation and genetic polymorphism of 55 FOC isolates from Hainan,Guangxi, Guangdong ,Fujian and Yunnan provinces, were analyzed by Identification host and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) methods.According to the results of Brazil banana and Fenjiao banana identification, and RAPD analysis, compared with the identified FOC race 1 (FOC1) and FOC race 4 (FOC4),28 of 55 FOC isolates were race 1, such as 10 from Hainan, 8 from Guangxi, 4 from Guangdong, 4 from Fujian, and 2 from Yunnan; 27 of 55 FOC isolates were race 4, such as 20 from Hainan, 4 from Guangxi, 1 from Guangdong, 1 from Fujian, and 1 from Yunnan. In 55 FOC isolates, there was 23 strong pathogenicity isolates,15 moderate pathogenicity isolates, and 17 weak pathogenicity isolates. DNA of the tested isolates were amplified with 9 candidated primers by PCR, and produced 136 bands, including 126 plolymorphic bands, and polymorphic loci frequency of 93.4%.Based RAPD result, in the genetic threshold of 0.68, 55 FOC isolates, FOC1 and FOC4 were divided into 4 RAPD groups. In addition to race 1 BF26 isolate separately formed Ⅳgroup, all race 4 isolates or the rest of race 1 isolates were not formed one group alone. Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲgroups contain both race 1 and race 4 respectively. Therefore, race type of FOC in China banana plantation still is race 1 and race 4. However, the genetic differentiation of FOC races tends to be complex at the molecular level, the group of FOC has a wealth of polymorphism, the pathogenicity of FOC isolates is no direct correlation with its genetic relationship, and no correlation with its geographical distribution, genetic polymorphisms of FOC may be more dependent on their host. These results may provide the theoretic foundation for disease-resistance breeding, rational distribution of variety and integrated control of banana fusarium wilt.

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