| 何时雨 1
，李 静 1
，刘 青 1
，马旭东 1
，林永华 2.广东木薯园土壤肥力调查及评价[J].广东农业科学,2018,45(12):44-48 |
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广东木薯园土壤肥力调查及评价 |
| Investigation and evaluation on soil fertility of cassava plantations in Guangdong |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2018.12.008 |
| 中文关键词: 广东 木薯园 土壤养分 土壤肥力 土壤微量元素 |
| 英文关键词: Guangdong cassava plantation soil nutrient soil fertility trace element |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金（CARS-11）；广州市科技计划项目（201607010287） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 分别选择国家木薯产业技术体系广州综合试验站位于广东兴宁、翁源、遂溪、开平、云安 5
个示范县的木薯园作为代表点，采集木薯根际表层土壤（0~20 cm），测定土壤 pH 值、有机质含量等 12
个指标，分析广东木薯园的土壤肥力。结果显示，调查木薯园 pH 值值普遍较低（4.5~6.0），土壤酸性较
强；云安和翁源土壤有机质含量处于中等水平（25.28 g/kg 和 22.37 g/kg），而兴宁、遂溪和开平较低，各
样点有机质平均含量为 16 g/kg；整体供氮水平较低、平均含量 75.95 mg/kg，有效磷含量相对较高（＞ 20
mg/kg），有效钾含量分布不均匀，最低为兴宁（85.61 mg/kg）、最高为翁源（252.66 mg/kg）；土壤交换性
钙含量普遍处于中等水平（平均 409.41 mg/kg），交换性镁含量较低（平均 39.50 mg/kg）；铜、铁两种微
量元素并不缺乏（平均含量分别为 0.66、122.86 mg/kg）；有效锌含量分布不均匀，表现为云安＞开平＞
兴宁＞遂溪＞翁源；有效锰含量除兴宁（62.29 mg/kg）外，其他 4 个木薯园均较低；5 个木薯园均存在缺
硼现象（平均含量 0.13 mg/kg）。因此应该合理施肥，提高广东木薯种植地土壤有机质含量水平，重视镁
肥和硼肥施用，以改善镁硼缺乏现象。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Samples of the top soil (0 to 20 cm beneath the ground) from cassava plantations in five demonstration
counties (Xingning, Wengyuan, Suixi, Kaiping, and Yunan) of CARS-12 Guangzhou Comprehensive Test Stationb ,
were selected to detect twelve indexes including pH value and organic content etc, to investigate the soil fertility of
cassava plantations in Guangdong. Results showed that pH value of the soil ranged from 4.5 to 6.0, showing strong
acidity. Organic matter content in Yunan and Wengyuan was at the average level (25.28 g/kg and 22.37 g/kg), while
that in Xingning, Suixi and Kaiping was relatively low (16 g/kg on average). With the average 75.95 mg/kg, the
nitrogen content in the cassava plantations investigated was low, while the available phosphorus content was relatively
high (>20 mg/kg). The available potassium content was not uniform, with the minimal of 85.61 mg/kg in Xingning and
the maximal of 252.66 mg/kg in Wengyuan. The exchangeable calcium content in soil was generally at the medium
level with an average of 409.41 mg/kg, while the content of exchangeable magnesium was low with an average of
39.50 mg/kg. There was no Cu and Fe deficiency in the cassava plantations investigated with an average of 0.66 mg/
kg and 122.86 mg/kg, respectively. The distribution of available Zn was not uniform, ranking as follows: Yunan >
Kaiping > Xingning > Suixi > Wengyuan. Except Xingning (62.29 mg/kg), the content of available Mn in other four
cassava plantations was at a low level. With an average content of 0.13 mg/kg, boron deficiency existed in all those five cassava plantations. Accordingly, reasonable fertilization by increasing the content of soil organic matter and paying
more attention to the applying of magnesium and boron fertilizer was suggested to improve the magnesium and boron
deficiency of cassava plantations in Guangdong. |
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