| 郑 丽1, 2，徐 龙 4，罗玉明 3，刘红霞 2，郭坚华 2.一株防治黄瓜霜霉病的地衣芽孢杆菌 HS10 的防病机理初探[J].广东农业科学,2020,47(9):81-87 |
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一株防治黄瓜霜霉病的地衣芽孢杆菌 HS10 的防病机理初探 |
| Preliminary Study on the Mechanism of a Strain Bacillus licheniformis HS10 against Cucumber Downy Mildew |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2020.09.011 |
| 中文关键词: 地衣芽孢杆菌 抑菌圈 防治效果 粗蛋白 酶活性 |
| 英文关键词: Bacillus licheniformis inhibition zone control effect crude protein enzyme activity |
| 基金项目:江苏省环洪泽湖生态农业生物技术重点实验室开放基金（HZHL1006） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】地衣芽孢杆菌（Bacillus licheniformis）HS10 是前期筛选到的一株对黄瓜霜霉病具有较好防效的生防菌株，拟观察该菌株的防病谱，探究其防病机理。【方法】通过比较与黄瓜霜霉病菌具有相似分类地位的病原菌，选择荔枝霜疫霉菌引发的霜疫病作为防控对象，预处理采后和田间荔枝果实，观察对霜疫病的防效；通过分析该菌株产生的粗蛋白和植物抗病相关酶活性初探其防病机理。【结果】HS10 菌株对采后荔枝果实霜疫病防效为 62.36％，田间防效为 46.00%；终浓度为 50 μg/mL 粗蛋白对田间日光温室黄瓜霜霉病生防效果为 60.08%；胞外粗蛋白可抑制辣椒疫霉菌丝生长，造成菌丝顶端生长异常，膨大扭曲、畸形；经 HS10 菌株处理黄瓜植株，PAL 和 POD 活性呈现“上升 - 下降 - 上升”的趋势。【结论】地衣芽孢杆菌 HS10 对其他同类病害也具有防效，通过胞外分泌蛋白抑制菌丝生长，以及通过诱导植物防御酶活性改变达到防病抑菌的作用，为后续深入探究防病机理奠定基础。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Bacillus licheniformis HS10 is a biocontrol strain obtained by a series of screening in the previous study. And the disease defense spetrum and mechanism of such strain were observed in this study.【Method】By comparing the pathogens with similar classification status with cucumber downy mildew, the litchi downy mildew, caused by Peronophythora litchii Chen ex Ko et al., was selected as control object. The litchi fruits after-harvest and in the field were pre-treated to observe the control effect of litchi downy mildew. A primary exploration on the disease defense mechanism was conducted by analyzing the crude protein produced by the strain HS10 and the plant disease-resistant enzyme activity.【Result】The HS10 strain had a control efficacy of 62.36% against post-harvest litchi downy mildew and a field control efficacy of 46.00%. The control efficacy of final concentration of 50 g/mL crude protein against cucumber downy mildew in the greenhouse was 60.08%. Extracellular crude protein could inhibit the growth of Phytophthora capsici, causing abnormal growth of the hypha tip, expansion and distortion. After the cucumber plants being treated with HS10 strain, PAL and POD increased in the early stage, then decreased, and increased rapidly in the late stage.【Conclusion】B. licheniformis HS10 also had control efficacy on other similar diseases. The strain inhibited the growth of hyphae through exocytic protein and affected relevant plant defense enzyme activity, which laid a foundation for further exploration of control mechanism. |
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