| 赖幸菲1，赖兆祥 1，操君喜 1，陈海强 1，2，吴华玲 1，周 波 1，黎秋华 1，孙世利 1，2.英红九号茶园机械化采摘关键技术研究[J].广东农业科学,2020,47(9):127-133 |
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英红九号茶园机械化采摘关键技术研究 |
| Study on Key Technologies of Mechanical Picking in Yinghong NO. 9 Tea Garden |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2020.09.017 |
| 中文关键词: 英红九号 茶树 机械化采摘 修剪 施肥 |
| 英文关键词: Yinghong NO. 9 tea tree mechanical picking pruning fertilization |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目（CARS-19）；英德市科技计划项目（JHXM2018029）；韶关市科技计划项目（2018sn081）；广东省农业科学院农业科技特派员项目（T2018063） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】研究成龄英红九号茶园机械化采摘的关键技术，以期为广东省英红九号茶园推行机械化采摘，实现茶叶规模化生产提供科学依据和技术参考。【方法】通过设置不同处理的修剪留养、开采时期、采摘标准和施肥管理 4 个处理进行英红九号茶园机械化采摘关键技术研究。【结果】成龄英红九号茶树适合在冬季采用重修剪（离地 40~50 cm），并在每轮茶结束后结合施用有机肥、增施化肥和复合肥可增强茶树生长势及发芽密度，开采时期为新梢中一芽二叶以上达到 60%~70% 左右，机采进刀深度春茶 4~5 cm、夏秋茶 5~8 cm 可提高机采鲜叶的优采率。【结论】英红九号茶树的展叶角度较大，节间较长，是适宜机采的品种，通过运用合适的修剪留养、施肥管理、开采时期和采摘标准等关键技术，可实现英红九号茶园机械化采摘。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The key technologies of mechanical picking in mature Yinghong No. 9 tea garden were studied in order to provide scientific basis and technical references for the implementation of mechanical picking in Yinghong NO. 9 tea garden in Guangdong Province.【Method】The present study investigated the key technologies of mechanical picking in Yinghong No. 9 tea garden in terms of pruning and remaining, picking period, picking standard and fertilization management.【Result】The results showed that the tea garden management techniques of mechanical picking suitable for the mature Yinghong NO. 9 were: adjusting the density of sprouts by heavy pruning （40-50 cm above the ground） in winter and applying organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer and compound fertilizer after one tea season, picking tea leaves when one shoot and two leaves reached about 60%-70%, and mechanical picking with cutting depth of 4-5 cm for spring tea, while with cutting depth of 5-8 cm for summer and autumn tea.【Conclusion】Mechanical picking is suitable for Yinghong NO. 9 due to its wide leaf angle and long internodes. By using appropriate pruning and retention, fertilization management, picking period and picking standard and other key technologies, the mechanical picking can be realized Yinghong NO. 9 tea garden. |
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