| 赵 灿 1，张宝鑫 1，袁 曦 1，宋子伟 1，刘子欣 1,2，李敦松 1.广东省农业科学院害虫生物防治研究 60 年：成就与展望[J].广东农业科学,2020,47(11):93-102 |
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广东省农业科学院害虫生物防治研究 60 年：成就与展望 |
| Sixty Years’ Research on Biological Control of Pests by Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences: Achievements and Prospects |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2020.11.011 |
| 中文关键词: 赤眼蜂 平腹小蜂 捕食螨 规模化扩繁 生物防治 |
| 英文关键词: Trichogramma Anastatus sp. predatory mites mass propagation biological control |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFE0104900，2017YFD0201000）；国家现代农业（荔枝龙眼）产业技术体系项目（CARS-32-13）；广东省农业科学院科技创新战略专项资金（高水平农科院建设）- 人才项目（R2018QD-066） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 生物防治是实现农作物病虫害绿色防控的重要手段。天敌昆虫及捕食螨作为传统的生物防治产品，在控制农作物害虫害螨，保证农作物产量和质量中起着不可替代的作用。对广东省农业科学院自 20 世纪 60 年代以来，在赤眼蜂、平腹小蜂、捕食螨等害虫天敌的规模化扩繁技术，田间应用技术及示范推广中取得的主要成就进行归纳总结，并对目前以天敌为主的生物防治研究的现状和未来发展趋势进行探讨。主要成就包括：研制出全国首台全自动控制生产人造卵卡机，解决了连续传代防污染的问题；首次应用大卵（蓖麻蚕卵）人工繁殖赤眼蜂防治甘蔗螟虫的成功，为国内应用柞蚕卵繁殖赤眼蜂提供了宝贵经验；首次在国内应用无人机释放赤眼蜂；完善和提高了平腹小蜂人工大量繁殖技术和田间应用技术，提高了平腹小蜂防治效果，降低了平腹小蜂应用成本；从荷兰引进胡瓜新小绥螨，成功应用于防治柑橘红蜘蛛和园艺作物上的蓟马等。极大地推动了华南地区害虫生物防治技术的研发及示范应用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Biological control is an important means used in integrated pest management. As traditional biological control products, natural enemy insects and predatory mites play an irreplaceable role in controlling crop pests and harmful mites and ensuring crop yield and quality. The progresses and achievements in mass propagation, field application and demonstration and promotion of Trichogramma, Anastatus sp. and predatory mites of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences（GAAS）since 1960s were summarized. And the current situation and future development trends of biological control researches based on natural enemies were explored. Major achievements include: creation of automatic machine for the mass production of artificial host eggs, solving the contamination in continuous passage; first artificial propagation of Trichogramma with Philosamia cynthia ricini, for controlling sugarcane borers, which provided valuable references for propagating Trichogramma with Antheraea pernyi eggs in China; first trial to release Trichogramma by drones in China; improvement and perfection of mass artificial propagation and field application of Anastatus sp., improving the control effect of A. sp. against Tessaratoma papillosa Drury and reducing the application cost; importing the predatory mite, Neoseiulus cucumeris Oudermans, from the Netherlands for the successful control of spider mites and thrips on horticultural crops. These achievements made great contributions to the R&D and application of biological control techniques for controlling crop pests in South China. |
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