粤西地区不同甜高粱和高丹草品种比较试验

徐　磊; 刘　洋

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徐　磊，刘　洋.粤西地区不同甜高粱和高丹草品种比较试验[J].广东农业科学,2021,48(2):121-128

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Comparison Test of Different Sweet Sorghum and Sorghumbicolor×Sorghum sudanense Varieties in Western Guangdong

DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2021.02.016

中文关键词: 甜高粱高丹草品种比较产量营养成分

英文关键词: sweet sorghum Sorghum bicolor×Sorghum sudanense variety comparison yield nutritional component

基金项目:中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金（1630102017002）

作者	单位
徐　磊，刘　洋	中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站 / 广东省旱作节水农业工程技术研究中心，广东湛江 524091

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中文摘要:

【目的】筛选适宜粤西地区种植的甜高粱和高丹草品种。【方法】以引进的甜高粱和高丹草为试材，对 8 个甜高粱品种（牛魔王、海牛、百战、大力士、得胜、大卡、绝佳、绿巨人）和 5 个高丹草品种（宝百饲、标兵渔草、杰宝、得力、乐食）的物候期、农艺性状、常规营养成分（粗蛋白、粗纤维和粗脂肪）进行分析，并计算有机物质消化率。【结果】不同品种的物候期、株高、茎粗和茎叶比存在一定差异。甜高粱干草产量 7.13~18.22 t/hm2，粗蛋白含量 5.97%~8.99%，粗纤维含量 22.91%~33.01%，粗脂肪含量 1.67%~3.00%。高丹草干草产量 5.63~19.99 t/hm2，粗蛋白含量 6.39%~7.04%，粗纤维含量 25.30%~30.44%，粗脂肪含量 1.51%~2.40%。得胜在 8 个甜高粱品种中干草产量最高，显著高于其他品种，干草产量排名前 3 名的甜高粱品种中，得胜的粗蛋白含量显著高于绿巨人和大力士，但有机物质消化率显著低于大力士。宝百饲在 5 个高丹草品种中干草产量最高，显著高于其他品种，干草产量排名前 2 位的高丹草品种中，宝百饲和乐食的粗蛋白含量和有机物质消化率无显著差异。【结论】得胜、大力士和宝百饲在粤西地区生产性能较好，适宜在该地区牧草生产中推广种植。

英文摘要:

【Objective】The study was conducted to screen out sweet sorghum and Sorghum bicolor×Sorghum sudanense varieties suitable for planting in western Guangdong.【Method】Taking the introduced sweet sorghum and Sorghum bicolor×Sorghum sudanense as test materials, the phenological period, agronomic characteristics and conventional nutritional components（crude protein（CP）, crude fiber（CF）, ether extract（EE））of 8 sweet sorghum varieties （Niumowang, Hainiu, Baizhan, Dalishi, Desheng, Daka, Juejia, Lvjuren）and 5 Sorghum bicolor×Sorghum sudanense varieties（Baobaisi, Biaobingyucao, Jiebao, Deli, Leshi）were analyzed. And the organic matter digestibility was calculated. 【Result】There were some differences in phenological period, plant height, stem diameter and stem-leaf ratio among different varieties. The hay yield of sweet sorghum was 7.13-18.22 t/hm2, and the contents of CP, CF and EE were 5.97%- 8.99%, 22.91%-33.01% and 1.67%-3.00%, respectively. The hay yield of Sorghum bicolor×Sorghum sudanense was 5.63-19.99 t/hm2, and the contents of CP, CF and EE were 6.39%-7.04%, 25.30%-30.44% and 1.51%-2.40%, respectively. Among the 8 sweet sorghum varieties, Desheng had the highest hay yield, which was significantly higher than that of other varieties. Among the top 3 sweet sorghum varieties in hay yield, the CP content of Desheng was significantly higher than that of Lvjuren and Dalishi, however, the digestibility of organic matter was significantly lower than that of Dalishi. Baobaisi had the highest hay yield among the 5 Sorghum bicolor×Sorghum sudanense varieties, which was significantly higher than that of other varieties. Baobaisi and Leshi were the top two Sorghum bicolor×Sorghum sudanense varieties in hay yield, but there was no significant difference in CP content and organic matter digestibility between them【Conclusion】Desheng, Dalishi and Baobaisi have good production performance in western Guangdong Province, and they are suitable to be promoted and planted in this area.

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