| 袁华荣，陈丕茂.广东省海洋牧场发展现状、问题与对策[J].广东农业科学,2022,49(7):141-154 |
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广东省海洋牧场发展现状、问题与对策 |
| Development Status, Problems and Countermeasuresof Marine Ranching in Guangdong Province |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2022.07.018 |
| 中文关键词: 海洋牧场 人工鱼礁 增殖放流 产业融合 生态优先 |
| 英文关键词: marine ranching artificial reef proliferation and releasing industrial convergence ecological priority |
| 基金项目:广东省重点领域研发计划项目（2020B1111030002）；中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所基本科研业务费专项（2021SD02）；中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项（2020TD06） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用文献查阅、海域实地调查相结合的方法，总结国内外海洋牧场的发展与现状，分析广东人工鱼
礁、增殖放流和国家级海洋牧场示范区的建设历程，海洋牧场相关产业的发展现状和存在问题。广东建有 50 座
生态型人工鱼礁区、3 个大型人工鱼礁示范区、1 个地方人工鱼礁区和 15 个国家级海洋牧场示范区，合计海域
面积 1 499.68 km2
，建造投放礁体 200.4 万空 m3
。目前广东海洋牧场存在管理机制不完善、发展理念和认识不统一、
用海海域权责不清、建设技术标准和规范缺乏、科技化程度低、产业化开发受限等问题。基于此，提出广东海
洋牧场发展的对策：坚持生态优先，加强多部门统筹协作；创建有利于市场化运作的管理模式；突破海域权属
问题；建立广东海洋牧场建设技术标准体系；加强广东海洋牧场建设的基础和关键共性技术研究；因地制宜建
立广东海洋牧场产业化模式。了解广东海洋牧场的发展现状，借鉴国内外相关经验探究海洋牧场产业的发展对策，
可为广东海洋牧场有效管理、高效可持续开发，以及实现广东海洋牧场三产融合发展提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| By means of literature review and field investigation in the sea area, the development and current situation
of marine ranching at home and abroad are summarized, and the construction process of artificial fish reefs, proliferation and
releasing and national marine ranching demonstration areas in Guangdong as well as the development status and existing
problems of marine ranching related industries are analyzed. Guangdong has built 50 ecological artificial reef areas, 3 largescale artificial reef demonstration areas, 1 local artificial reef area and 15 national marine ranching areas, with a total sea
area of 1 499.68 km2
, and 2.004 million m3
of reefs being built. However, at present, there are some problems in Guangdong
marine ranching, such as imperfect management mechanism, inconsistence in development concept and understanding,
unclear rights and responsibilities in using sea area, lack of construction technology standards and specifications, low scientific and technological level and limited industrial development. Based on these problems, countermeasures for the
development of marine ranching in Guangdong Province are put forward: insisting on ecology-prioritized development, and
strengthening the coordination of multiple departments; creating a management mode conducive to market-oriented operation;
break through the issue of sea area ownership; establishing a technical standard system for marine ranch construction in
Guangdong; increasing the research on the basis of high-quality construction and key common technologies of Guangdong
marine ranching; establishing industrialization modes of Guangdong m arine ranching according to local conditions.
Understanding the development status of marine ranching in Guangdong and exploring the development strategies of
marine ranching industry by referring to the relevant experience at home and abroad can provide references for the effective
management, efficient and sustainable development of marine ranching in Guangdong and the integration of three industries in
the development of marine ranching in Guangdong. |
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