| 张泰劼,郭文磊,张纯,等.阔叶丰花草与几种果园常见杂草之间的生理生态特性比较[J].广东农业科学,2020,(7-8):- |
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阔叶丰花草与几种果园常见杂草之间的生理生态特性比较 |
| The Comparison of Physiological and Ecological Characteristics Between Borreria latifolia and Several Common Orchard Weeds |
| 投稿时间：2020-06-09 修订日期：2020-06-09 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 阔叶丰花草 种子 根系 光合特性 草甘膦 |
| 英文关键词: Borreria latifolia Seed Root Photosynthetic characteristic Glyphosate |
| 基金项目:本文由国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0202100)、广东省科技计划项目(2019B121201003)、广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目(2019KJ113)和科技创新战略专项资金(高水平农科院建设)(R2017YJ-YB3003, R2018QD-062)资助 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】为了更好地利用阔叶丰花草在华南地区的果园进行生草栽培,【方法】比较了阔叶丰花草与常见杂草藿香蓟、白花鬼针草和牛筋草之间的种子形态、根系特征、光合特征和对草甘膦敏感性的差异。【结果】结果表明,阔叶丰花草种子千粒质量为藿香蓟、白花鬼针草和牛筋草的1.8～25.8倍, 同时阔叶丰花草的幼苗生长速度也快于其他3种草。阔叶丰花草植株的根冠比比其他3种草低70.1%～79.3%,但在其根系中,直径为0～0.5 mm的细根所占的比重(87.8%)较其他3种草高16.3%～21.6%。在4种草中,阔叶丰花草的光合强度最小,净光合速率(Pn)分别比藿香蓟、白花鬼针草和牛筋草低22.9%、34.3%和64.3%；它的蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(gs)显著小于藿香蓟和白花鬼针草,但大于牛筋草。阔叶丰花草对草甘膦的敏感性低于藿香蓟和白花鬼针草,其ED50分别是藿香蓟和白花鬼针草的3.75和1.79倍。【结论】阔叶丰花草具有幼苗快速生长、浅根系、低光合强度和耐草甘膦的特性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】 In order to make better use of Borreria latifolia for sod culture in the orchards of south China,【Method】the differences in seed morphology, root characteristics, photosynthetic characteristics, and sensitivity to glyphosate between B. latifolia and three common weeds, Ageratum conyzoides, Bidens alba and Eleusine indica, were investigated.【Result】The results showed that the thousand seed weight of B. latifolia was 1.8-25.8 times those of A. conyzoides, B. alba and E. indica. B. latifolia grown faster than the other weeds at the seedling stage and had a lower root-shoot ratio than the other weeds at the later stages. The diameter frequency of the root system of B. latifolia in the range of 0-0.5 mm was significantly greater than that of the other three weeds. Among the four species, B. latifolia had the lowest photosynthetic intensity; its net photosynthetic rate (Pn) was 22.9%, 34.3%, and 64.3% lower than those of A. conyzoides, B. alba and E. indica, respectively, and its transpiration rate (Tr) and stomatal conductance (gs) were lower than that of A. conyzoides and B. alba, but higher than that of Goosegrass. B. latifolia was less sensitive to glyphosate than A. conyzoides and B. alba, and the 50% effective dose (ED50) of glyphosate on B. latifolia, was 3.74 and 1.79 times of A. conyzoides and B. alba, respectively. 【Conclusion】The characteristics of fast growth ability at the seedling stage, shallow roots, low photosynthetic rates and glyphosate tolerance are beneficial for using B. latifolia as a cover crop in the orchards of south China. |
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