| 侯宪文,李云霞,唐 超,等.四种肥料对设施菜地土壤性质和小白菜生长的影响[J].广东农业科学,2021,(5-6):- |
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四种肥料对设施菜地土壤性质和小白菜生长的影响 |
| Effects of four?kinds?of?fertilizers on soil properties and the growth of Brassica chinensis L. in vegetable greenhouses |
| 投稿时间：2021-03-22 修订日期：2021-04-02 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 施肥 改良材料 土壤性质 产量与品质 |
| 英文关键词: Fertilizing modified?material Soil properties Yield and quality |
| 基金项目:海南省重点研发计划项目( ZDYF2019071)；基本业务费青年人才托举项目(1630042021022) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】研究四种肥料施用后对设施菜地土壤性质、小白菜产量及品质的影响，为设施菜地土壤的科学改良提供参考依据。【方法】以羊粪、生物有机肥、矿源腐植酸钾和酸化土壤调理剂为改良材料，研究其对设施菜地退化土壤pH值、EC值、碱解氮含量等，以及小白菜产量和品质的影响。【结果】施用羊粪使土壤pH值显著提升了11.7%和16.3%，土壤速效钾含量显著提升了43.0%和78.2%；羊粪施用量增加1倍，可显著提升土壤EC值和碱解氮含量；施用生物有机肥和施用“矿源腐植酸钾+酸化土壤调理剂”显著提升了土壤pH值，土壤pH值分别提高了14.3%、16.3%，20.0%和20.2%；土壤EC值、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量，随“矿源腐植酸钾+酸化土壤调理剂”施用量的增加而显著升高；施用矿源腐植酸钾对土壤基本性质无显著影响。施用羊粪使第1茬小白菜产量提高了33.7%和11.6%，其硝酸盐含量降低了23.4%和8.3%；施用“矿源腐植酸钾+酸化土壤调理剂”使小白菜Vc含量显著增加了66.6%和105.1%，施用量增加对小白菜产量和品质无明显提升效果。在种植第2茬小白菜时，四种肥料对其影响不显著。【结论】设施菜地底肥施用羊粪或“矿源腐植酸钾+酸化土壤调理剂”对土壤性质改善和蔬菜产量、品质提升效果显著；用量以羊粪5000 kg/ha或矿源腐植酸钾600 kg/ha +酸化土壤调理剂2400 kg/ha的组合为宜。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Study on the effects of four kinds of fertilizers on soil properties and Brassica chinensis L. yield and quality in vegetable greenhouses in order to provide reference basis for scientific reform on soil in vegetable greenhouses.【Method】Sheep manure, bio-organic fertilizer, mineral potassium humate and acidified soil conditioner were used as tested materials and Brassica chinensis L. was used as tested crop. The effects resulting from the four kinds of fertilizers on the pH value, EC value and contents of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, etc that were in vegetable greenhouses soils were studied. Meanwhile, the variations of Brassica chinensis L. yield and quality were studied.【Result】The application of sheep manure significantly increases soil pH value by 11.7% and 16.3%, and available potassium content significantly increases by 43.0% and 78.2%. The EC value and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content of the soil increase significantly with the application of sheep manure doubled. The application of bio organic fertilizer and “mineral potassium humate + acidified soil conditioner” significantly increase the soil pH value, the soil pH value increase by 14.3%, 16.3%, 20.0% and 20.2% respectively. The pH value, EC value, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content, available phosphorus content and available potassium content of the soil significantly go up with the increase of “mineral potassium humate + acidified soil conditioner” application. The application of mineral potassium humate has no significant effect on soil basic properties. The application of sheep manure increases the yield of the first crop of Brassica chinensis L.by 33.7% and 11.6%, and reduces the nitrate content by 23.4% and 8.3%. The application of “mineral potassium humate + acidified soil conditioner” can significantly increase the VC content in Brassica chinensis L.by 66.6% and 105.1%.The increase of fertilizers application has no significant improvement on Brassica chinensis L. yield and quality , and the effects on Brassica chinensis L. yield and quality from the fertilizers are not significant in the second crop.【Conclusion】The application of sheep manure or “mineral potassium humate + acidified soil conditioner” as base fertilizer in vegetable greenhouses has better effects on soil properties and Brassica chinensis L. yield and quality. The suitable applied amount was 5000 kg/ha sheep manure or 600 kg/ha mineral potassium humate + 2400 kg/ha acidified soil conditioner. |
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