| 刘家玮,郑长英,迟秀丽,等.微生物菌肥与化肥配施对韭菜生产及迟眼蕈蚊发生量的影响[J].广东农业科学,2023,(6):- |
|
PDF
HTML
微生物菌肥与化肥配施对韭菜生产及迟眼蕈蚊发生量的影响 |
| Effects of Combined Using of Chemical Fertilizer and Microbial Fertilizer on Production of Chinese Chive and Occurrence Amount of Bradysia odoriphaga |
| 投稿时间：2023-03-31 修订日期：2023-07-10 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 微生物菌肥 化肥 配比 韭菜 产量 品质 韭菜迟眼蕈蚊 |
| 英文关键词: Microbial fertilizer chemical fertilizer Ratio Chinese chives production quality Bradysia odoriphaga |
| 基金项目:青岛市科技惠民项目(21-1-4-ny-28-nsh)；山东省农业产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-5-13)。 |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 106 |
| 全文下载次数: 0 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】明确微生物菌肥在韭菜生产中的应用价值，基于韭菜优质安全生产和韭菜迟眼蕈蚊（Bradysia odoriphaga）防治筛选微生物菌肥与化肥配施的最佳方案。【方法】以雪韭791为试验对象，以100%化肥处理为对照（T1），设置8个处理，分别为推荐用量的化肥配合30%、50%、70%、100%的推荐用量的微生物菌肥（T2~T5）、推荐用量的微生物菌肥配合70%、50%、30%和0%的推荐用量的化肥（T6~T9），通过室内单因素试验评估不同施肥方案对韭菜生长性状的影响，筛选适宜的施肥方案，并通过田间试验验证较优施肥方案对韭菜产量、品质及韭菜迟眼蕈蚊发生的影响。【结果】室内试验结果表明微生物菌肥可有效提升韭菜生长性状，韭菜株高、茎粗、最大叶宽、单株重量和须根数量显著增加；其中，T5、T6和T7处理韭菜生长性状最佳，株高表现尤其突出，分别为27.87 cm、27.59 cm和28.84 cm，与其他处理差异显著；单株重量较大，分别为0.99 g、0.93 g和0.94 g，与除T4和T9以外的其他处理差异显著；T5、T6和T7三组处理间生长性状无显著差异。基于以上结果和经济效益角度，初步判断T6和T7为较优的肥料配施方案。田间试验结果表明，应用室内试验T6方案（FT6处理），大棚韭菜单株重量、茎粗、假茎长度、株高、最大叶宽和须根数较对照分别提升29.41%、1.70%、12.19%、7.58%、17.23%和40.60%；应用室内试验T7方案（FT7处理），韭菜单株重量、茎粗、假茎长度、最大叶宽和须根数量较对照分别提升23.22%、4.21%、11.94%、9.47%和16.99%，各生长性状提升幅度低于FT6；FT6和FT7处理韭菜产量分别较对照提高48.39%和12.99%，且韭菜品质显著提高，可溶性糖含量分别比对照提高32.72%和10.45%，蛋白质含量分别提高6.76%和6.60%；FT6处理的韭菜生长性状优于FT7；FT6和FT7处理抑制韭菜迟眼蕈蚊发生，抑制率分别达50.15%和22.16%。【结论】微生物菌肥与化肥配合施用相较于单独施用化肥可有效提高韭菜产量、品质，并抑制韭菜迟眼蕈蚊发生，最佳推荐配比为70%推荐用量的化肥配合100%推荐用量的微生物菌肥。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract：【Objective】The study aimed to clarify the value of microbial fertilizer in the production of Chinese chive, and screen the best scheme for combination use of microbial fertilizer with chemical fertilizer in the high quality and safe production of Chinese chive and control of Bradysia odoriphaga. 【Method】Xuejiu 791 was taken as the research object, 8 treatments of microbial fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer were set up, namely, the recommended amount of chemical fertilizer combined with 30%, 50%, 70%, 100% of the recommended amount of microbial fertilizer (T2~T5), and the recommended amount of microbial fertilizer combined with 70%, 50%, 30%, and 0% of the recommended amount of chemical fertilizer (T6~T9), the effects of different fertilization schemes on the yield and growth characteristics of Chinese chevies was estimated by indoor single factor experiment to screen the better fertilization schemes; and the effects of above better fertilization schemes on the yield and quality of Chinese chives and the occurrence of B. odoriphaga were verified by field experiments.【Result】The indoor experiment showed that the growth characteristics of Chinese chives were significantly improved by microbial fertilizer, with plant height, stem diameter, maximum leaf width, plant weight and fibril number significantly increased. Among all the fertilization schemes, the best growth characteristics of Chinese chives were found in T5, T6, and T7 treatment, especially for plant height, which was 27.87cm, 27.59cm and 28.84cm, respectively, and significantly differed from that in other treatments. The weight per plant was higher, and was 0.99 g, 0.93 g and 0.94 g, respectively, which differed from that in other treatments except T4 and T9. The growth characteristics of Chinese chives did not differ among T5, T6 and T7. Based on the above results and the economic point of view, T6 and T7 were judged to be the optimal fertilizer scheme. The result of field experiment showed that the application of T6 scheme of indoor experiment (FT6 treatment) significantly increased the plant weight, stem diameter, pseudostem length, plant height, maximum leaf width and fibril numbers of Chinese chives in greenhouse by 29.41%, 1.70%, 12.19%, 7.58%, 17.23% and 40.60%, respectively, compared to the control (FT1). The application of T7 scheme of indoor experiment in field (FT7 treatment) significantly increased the weight per plant, stem diameter, pseudostem length, maximum leaf width and fibril number of Chinese chives by 23.22%, 4.21%, 11.94%, 9.47% and 16.99%, respectively, compared to the control (FT1), but the increase amplitude of each growth character was less than that in FT6. The yield of Chinese chives in FT6 and FT7 treatment was significantly increased by 48.39% and 12.99%, respectively compared to FT1. The quality of Chinese chives in FT6 and FT7 treatment was significantly improved, soluble sugar content was increased by 32.72% and 10.45%, respectively, and protein content was increased by 6.76% and 6.60%, respectively, compared to FT1. The growth characteristics of Chinese chives in FT6 were better than those in FT7. FT6 and FT7 treatment inhibited the occurrence of B. odoriphaga, and the inhibition rates were 50.15% and 22.16%, respectively, compared to the control. 【Conclusion】Compared to single application of chemical fertilizer, the combined application of microbial fertilizer and chemical fertilizer effectively improve the yield and quality of Chinese chive, and inhibit the occurrence of B. odoriphaga. The best recommended scheme was 70% of the recommended amount of fertilizer combined with 100% of the recommended amount of microbial fertilizer. |
|
查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
|
|
|
