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| Effects of different amounts of wheat-residue applicationon growth of direct-seeding rice |
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| Abstract: |
| More than half of wheat residues are burnt or discarded for years in China，which not only wastes organic
fertilizer source，but also pollutes the environment. To investigate the effects of different amounts of wheat-residue
application on growth and development of direct-seeding rice，the mid-season japonica rice cultivar of Xudao 3 was
directly sown in the pot，and treatments of wheat-residue application（3，4.5，6 and 7.5 t/hm2） were set，the indicators
of dry matter weight，leaf area index（LAI），root bleeding，root activity，root absorption area，yield and component
were detected. The results showed that yield of direct-seeding rice first increased and then deduced with the increase of
wheat-residue application（the residue was incorporated into soil），the same trend could be observed on seed setting
rate and 1000-grain weight，while the effective panicles increased. Yield of direct-seeding rice increased by 17.9% with
straw returning amount of 6 t/hm2，compared with the wheat-residue removal treatment，while excess straw returning
decreased grain yield，resulting in a significant reduction of grain number per panicle. The dry matter accumulation，
LAI，root activity and root absorption area reduced at the earlier stage with the straw returning，while the opposite
result could be observed after the heading stage and all index decreased under the condition of redundant wheatstraw
returning. So the appropriate amount of straw returning was 6 t/hm2 under the condition of pot. Reasons for the
characteristics of soil in direct-seeding rice，growth and development under different amounts of residue returning were
discussed，to provide theoretical basis for clean and light simplified cultivation in rice. |
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