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| Detection of genetic background of Guangdong Small-ear Spotted pig population by CYB5A gene |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2016.11.019 |
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| Abstract: |
| Guangdong Small-ear Spotted pig is the largest local pig breed raised in Guangdong province. This
pig breed can be mixed with genes from exotic pigs during the rearing process by famers，and it is usually evaluated
and bred through phenotype in actual production. Mutations in CYB5A gene promoter region could be applied in
identifing different genetic backgrounds of Chinese and exotic pig breeds，so we detected Guangdong Small-ear
Spotted pig population by molecular method to identify whether this breed was mixed with exotic pig breeds. CYB5A
gene was amplified by PCR method and sequenced only by one direction，then the DNA sequences were analyzed
to identify the mutations. The results showed that both 32 breeding pigs and 36 gilts had one heterozygotes of AB genotype respectively and A allele frequency was 0.0152 and 0.0139，the remaining pigs were Chinese pig breed type
of BB genotype. The 32 breeding pigs and 36 gilts were under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium（P>0.05） by Chi-Square
tests，it indicated that the mutations from exotic pig breeds were not under human selection in Guangdong Small-ear
Spotted pig population. The heterozygous sow had normal phenotype，it was mated with a pure Guangdong Small-ear
Spotted boar and produced six abnormal colour pattern piglets，and two of them were heterozygotes of AB genotype
by the detection. The heterozygous sows were also mated with a pure duroc boar and produced red coat piglets，which
also validated that the sow was heterozygous and the molecular method was accurate. The results demonstrated that
most of the Guangdong Small-ear Spotted pigs were purebreed，only a few individuals had been introgressed from
exotic pig breeds. Combined phenotype selection with molecular-assisted selection methods，the local pig breed could
be purified quickly and accurately. |
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