| 【Objective】The adaptability of spring rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) in different ecological regions
of Tibet was studied in order to obtain the primary climatic factors which influenced the growth and development of
spring rapeseed. 【Methods】Three varieties of spring rapeseed were planted in five pilots of different altitude ( Duilong
County, Gongga County, Bailang County, Zhalang County and Lhasa City) to detect their agronomic and main quality
traits.【Results】After being planted in the high-altitude ecological area, period of emergence to bolting of the spring
rapeseed was postponed for 8 days (Zangyou 12), and bolting to beginning of flowering was postponed for 6 days (Jinghua
165). The altitude was the greatest influence factor on the number of pods per plant, the decreased number of which was
25 (Dadi 95). The maximum increased number of seeds per siliqua was 6.4 (Jinghua 165), and the 1000-seed weight was
increased by 1.01 g (Zangyou 12). The content of oil was increased by 2.55% (Zangyou 12), the content of glucosinolate
increased by 15.3 μmol/g (Dadi-95) and the content of erucic acid (Zangyou 12) increased by 5.00%. The result of
correlation analysis showed that the number of pods per plant and seed number per siliqua presented a significantly
positive correlation with latitude, altitude, rainfall, and extremely high temperature. The number of pods per plant
was significantly negative correlated with the average evaporation. The 1 000-seed weight presented a significantlypositive correlation with the extremely low temperature and the average evaporation, while it presented a significantly
negative correlation with altitude and extremely high temperature. The content of oil presented a significantly positive
correlation with attitude, and a significant or extremely significant negative correlation with temperature factor. The
content of glucosinolate presented a significantly positive correlation with latitude, altitude, and rainfall. The content of
erucic acid showed a significantly positive correlation with altitude, while showed negative correlation with extremely
high temperature.【Conclusion】The effects of ecological factors on the agronomic and quality traits of B. napus L. were
different. In general, with the increase of altitude, the agronomic traits of spring rapeseed were poor (except for the trait
of siliqua), the content of oil tended to be high quality, and the contents of glucosinolate and erucic acid tended to be
inferior. |
