| In mammalian follicular development, it is accompanied by significant tissue remodeling, which includes
follicular cavity formation and expansion, ovulation, luteinization and atresia. In the extracellular matrix（ECM）and
follicular fluid derived from follicular membrane cells and granulosa cells, there are abundant proteins such as gelatin
protein, fibrin and type Ⅳ collagen. These active proteins provide necessary conditions for the migration, proliferation and
differentiation of follicular membrane cells and granulosa cells. Under the coordination control of the other MMPs, estrogen,
apoptosis and autophagy signaling pathways, MMP2 and MMP9 decompose proteins such as gelatin protein, fibrin and type
Ⅳ collagen in extracellular matrix and follicular fluid, promote cell apoptosis and angiogenesis, degrade and reshape ovarian
tissues, and then affect the function of follicular membrane cells and granulosa cells, the formation and expansion of follicular
cavity, and regulate the growth and development of follicles. This paper mainly reviews the research progress of MMP2 and
MMP9 in regulation of follicular growth, ovulation, luteinization and atresia. |
