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| Effect of Wheat Straw Cutting and High Quantity Returning to the Field on the Yield of Water Spinach and Soil Fertility in Summer and Autumn in Greenhouse |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2020.04.005 |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The study was to explore the decomposition effects of high quantity of cut wheat straws returned to the field.【Method】By using the principle of high temperature, high humidity and aerobic fermentation environment to promote the decomposition of straws in the protected aquatic vegetable field, this experiment covered 10 cm short specification wheat straws in high quantity with 37.50 t/hm2 and 22.50 t/hm2, and cultivated water spinach（Ipomoea aquatica Forsk）. The electrical conductivity and redox potential of soil surface water layer, the decomposition rate of wheat straws, the yield of water spinach, the quality of water spinach plant and the related indexes of soil properties were measured.【Result】The conductivity of the treated soil surface water layer increased rapidly in the early stage, and the maximum values of 37.50 t/hm2 treatment and 22.50 t/hm2 treatment were 1 653 μs/cm and 2 220 μs/cm on the 5th and 2nd day, respectively. The redox potential of the soil surface water layer decreased rapidly in the early stage, with the minimum values of -198 mV and -212 mV on the 3rd and 8th day, respectively. After 182 days, the decomposition rates of 37.50 t/hm2 treatment and 22.50 t/hm2 treatment were 63.91% and 91.00%, respectively. The yield of 22.50 t/hm2 straw mulching treatment increased 5.00% compared with that of the control, and such treatment reduced the application of chemical fertilizer by 14.30%, achieving the effects of reducing chemical fertilizer and increasing production. Under 37.50 t/hm2 treatment, the decrease of soil nitrate nitrogen was the maximum, reaching 43.69%. Both treatments could significantly supplement P and K elements in soil, and effectively improve the properties of soil.【Conclusion】High quantity of wheat straws returned to the field can not only improve crop yield and reduce the application of chemical fertilizer, but also supplement the P and K elements in soil and effectively alleviate the soil salinization. |
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