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| Sixty Years’Research on Rice Tillage and Cultivation by Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences: Achievements and Prospects |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2020.11.002 |
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| Abstract: |
| In the past 60 years, remarkable achievements have been made in rice tillage and cultivation by Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Theoretical studies have been conducted extensively in rice planting regionalization in Guangdong, rice tillering and young panicle development, light-temperature characteristics, leaf color changes in highyielding cultivation, light utilization, and mechanism of lodging resistance etc. to enrich the scientific principles of rice cultivation. In rice farming practices, several major technologies have been developed and adopted in Guangdong as well as other provinces. Based on extensive surveys on farmers’ experience, the "Chaoshan Experience" was formed and promoted from 1950s to 1970s, which greatly increased rice yield in Guangdong and had profound effect on the development of rice cultivation disciplines in China. In 1980s and 1990s, technical regulations on high- and stable-yielding cultivation of rice and rice seedling throwing and the matching technology were developed and extended for standardized cultivation of rice. Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, the "three controls" nutrient management technology, super rice intensification cultivation and high-efficient multi-ripening farming system have been developed and extended widely for synergistic improvements in rice grain yield and resource utilization. Those achievements and their wide application have made great contributions to the development of rice industry, food security and increased farmers' income in Guangdong Province, and provided significant guidance to future research. In recent years, “two orientations” of resource conservation and environment-friendly farming and “four transformations” of mechanization, simplification, standardization and efficient production have been emphasized in the researches on rice cultivation. Major progresses have been made in mechanical seedling raising and transplanting, direct seeding and ratooning rice cultivation. In the future research of rice cultivation, we should focus on key sci-tech problems of rice industry, and strengthen theoretical innovation and technological breakthrough for the transformation and upgrading of rice industry and rural revitalization. |
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