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| Research Progress in Control Technique of Main Litchi Pests and Construction of IPM System |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2020.11.012 |
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| Abstract: |
| The researches on litchi pest control technologies at home and abroad are comprehensively summarized. Monitoring and warning technology is mainly used to predict the appropriate period for control of Conopomorpha sinensis, Tessaratoma papillosa and lepidoptera leaf insect pest. Agricultural control measures mainly include thinning, pruning, winter shoots control, deciduous fruits clearing, raw grasses in orchards and interplanting leguminous crops, etc. Biological control technologies include the release of natural enemies and the application of biological pesticides, etc. The artificial release of Anastatus japonicas to control T. papillosa is a successful example of “controlling insect by insect” in litchi orchards at present. And B.t. and Mearhizium anisopliae formulation have certain control effect on low instar larvae of lepidoptera leaf insect pest. Physical control techniques include color inducement, pheromone lure, light trap or interference. At present, chemical control is still the most important method to control litchi pests, but only pyrethroids, organophosphates and diflubenzuron have been officially registered in China, while methylamabamectin benzoate, chloramphenicol benzamide and thiamethoxam, which are more effective, have not yet been registered. Based on years of research and practical experience, it is proposed that it is necessary to apply pesticides（chemical control）both before and after flowering to control various insect pests or reduce the initial population number; to release Anastatus japonicas for controlling T. papillosa to reduce pesticide use; The strategies for control of C. sinensis -“precaution, mid-grasping and postcontrolling” and “killing the adult, the egg and the newly hatched larvae together” shall be implemented. In young fruit stage, it can improve the control effect and reduce the frequency of pesticide application by predicting the appropriate period of prevention and control. Measures such as timely harvest of fruits, prompt pruning after harvest, preservation of autumn shoots, control of winter shoots and winter garden clearance are conducive to reducing the initial population number. |
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