| 【Objective】The study was conducted to explore the effects of chemical fertilizer reduction combined with magnesium fertilizer on the yield and quality of wax gourd, so as to provide a scientific fertilization strategy for wax gourd production.【Method】Tiezhu No.2, a major large variety of wax gourd in South China, was used as the material. Taking the average fertilizer application amount of wax gourd farmers in Guangdong (N 490 kg/hm2, P2O5 360 kg/hm2, K2O 420 kg/hm2) as the control (CK), and the effects of chemical fertilizer reduction treatments (N 350 kg/hm2, P2O5 180 kg/hm2, K2O 375 kg/hm2) and magnesium fertilizer gradients (MgO 3 0, 60, 90, 120 kg/hm2) (Mg1-4, respectively) on yield, yield components, quality and economic benefit of wax gourd were compared.【Result】Mg3 treatment significantly increased the middle transverse diameter, lower transverse diameter, single fruit weight and yield of wax gourd by 11.60%, 18.15%, 24.60% and 24.57%, respectively. The Mg4 treatment reduced the fruit hardness of various parts. Compared with CK, reducing NPK and adding magnesium significantly increased the surface glossiness of wax gourd fruit, which was increased by 17.54%, 9.00% and 24.44% under Mg2, Mg3 and Mg4 treatments, respectively. The pericarp color of wax gourd was significantly increased, Mg3 treatment had the best effect, and the L value and b value were decreased by 4.97% and 47.74% while a value increased by 53.78% compared with CK. The anthocyanin index of wax gourd fruit was significantly increased by
reducing NPK and adding magnesium fertilizer treatments, and that of Mg2, Mg3 and Mg4 were all increased by 2.78%. The chlorophyll indexes of wax gourd fruits of Mg3 and Mg4 were decreased by 5.09% and 10.03%, respectively. In the end, the economic benefit of wax gourd production was effectively improved, and that of Mg2 and Mg3 increased by 25.92% and 36.07%, respectively. Fertilization had no significant effect on the contents of soluble solids and flavonoid index in the fruit of wax gourd.【Conclusion】Fertilizer reduction combined with magnesium fertilizer could significantly improve the yield and fruit quality of wax gourd. |
