| Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oil material and cash crop in China. However, the blindness
and low-efficiency of traditional breeding methods have remained great challenges for peanut breeding. In recent years,
remarkable progresses have been made in researches of peanut genomics, and it has achieved several key milestones in
peanut genomics including genome sequencing of wild tetraploids, cultivated tetraploids and its wild diploid progenitors,
tremendous increase in the development of molecular markers like SSR and SNP, construction of high-density genetic maps,
wide application of high-throughput phenotyping and genotyping techniques, identification of a large number of quantitative
trait loci (QTLs) , as well as emergence of genomic selection representing future breeding trends at the whole genome
level. Abundant peanut genomic resources have promoted the association of genotype and phenotype, and accelerated the
development of peanut molecular breeding. Breeders have successfully selected peanut germplasm with target traits through
molecular-assisted technology. The key to traditional peanut breeding is the accuracy and reliability of phenotypic analysis,
however, there is a lack of adequate identification and utilization of genotypes in the breeding process. The combination and parallel development of peanut genomic resources, conventional breeding and molecular breeding will certainly promote the
in-depth application of genomics in peanut breeding, so that the results of genomics research can truly enter the field and the
market, fully reflecting the value and significance of genomics research. |
